Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Climate Variable and Fisherman Perception on Climate Change Divers in Negombo Lagoon Area","authors":"Fernando R., Bellanthudawa B.K.A., Halwatura D.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7104","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Climate change has undoubtedly become one of the most contentious issues in the international environmental debates and has escalated the impacts on fishery industries and fishing communities globally. This study was conducted to quantify the variations in climate variables, and coastal vegetation that may affect the fisheries industry due to climate change over past three decades in the Negombo lagoon area. Further, the knowledge and awareness of fisheries and associated communities on climate change was investigate. To understand the dynamics of the precipitation and temperature, monthly data for 30 years (1989-2022) were collected from the Department of Meteorology and 19 Module Bio-climatic Variables (MBV) were calculated to determine the climatologycal variation. The change in the coastal vegetation was analyzed using the Landsat 8 satellite using ArcGIS 10.8. A questionnaire survey and a focus group discussion were carried out as assess the knowledge, awareness and impact of climate change in the fisheries community (n=80). The mean annual and minimum and maximum precipitation ranged from 118.6 mm-268.6 and 0.6 mm - 826.6 mm. The mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures varied from 28.8o C- 32.3o C, 33o C-34o C and 29o C-30o C. Out of 19 MBV variables, 9 variables had increasing trends while 3 variables had decreasing trend. The change percentage of coastal vegetation cover from 1992-2002, 2002-2012, 2012-2022 was observed as 35.71%, 4.99% and 6.13%. As per the peoples‘ knowledge of climate change, it was highlighted that around 50% of respondents does not have a proper idea on what is climate change (40% of respondents stated that the variation of precipitation and wind is the climate change drivers; Further, 40% of respondents attested that land use change with time has accelerated climate change while 30% of respondents mentioned that lack of coastal awareness and restoration programs is the second main reason for accelerated climate change that affect the fishery industry). The outcomes of the focus group discussion revealed that fishing activities are heavily affected by climate change drivers, and some engage in alternative jobs in extreme climatic conditions to feed their families. Finally, fishery communities highlighted the need for the government and other responsible authorities to take necessary actions to adapt and strengthen the resilience to climate change. This study corroborates the timely and topical obligation for sustainable fisheries management action planning for the Negombo area. \u0000Keywords: Climate change, Coastal mangrove vegetation-precipitation-temperature change, Fisheries communities, Knowledge, Awareness, Negombo \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"11 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics Trophic Transfer in Seafood Varieties Caught from the Coastal Waters off Negombo","authors":"Gammanpila G.D.N.P., Ranatunga R.R.M.K.P.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.6624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.6624","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics are a pervasive global pollutant that poses risks to marine organisms including commercially important species and poses threats even to humans. However, the trophic transfer of microplastics is yet to be understood. The present study was to study the occurrence of microplastics in five species used as seafood and in zooplankton, representing different trophic levels and feeding habits caught within coastal waters off Negombo. The Negombo coastal environs are known for high ecological diversity still subjected to massive anthropogenic activities as a major fishing and tourism hub in Sri Lanka. The same area was subjected to contaminating microplastics after the MV X-Press Pearl ship disaster which caught fire and spilled the largest point source of microplastic nurdles pollution in the world. Field sampling was carried out from October to-December 2021 in Negombo, Sri Lanka. The study included zooplankton, some fish (Sardinella gibbosa (n=10), Hemiramphus archipelagicus (n=10), and Ephipphus orbis (n=10)), crustaceans (Scylla serrata, (n=10)) and a bivalve (Perna perna, (n=10)). The samples were subjected to wet peroxide oxidation and acid digestion. Microplastic identification was conducted microscopically and confirmed with Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Nile red staining techniques. Microplastics were present in all the species studied except zooplankton samples. Four polymer types were identified and confirmed as Polyamide (PA), Polystyrene (PS), Polypropylene (PP), and Polycaprolactone (PCL). According to the literature, this is the first recorded PCL contamination in marine species in Sri Lanka. Fibers were the most abundant microplastic type recorded followed by fragments, films, spheres, and flakes. Red, green, blue, yellow, black, and transparent microplastics were recorded while blue colour was the most prominent. The mean number of microplastics recorded was 0.93±0.29 for S. gibbosa, 0.97±0.17 for H. archipelagicus, 0.53±0.09 for E. orbis, 0.36±0.16 for S. serrata and 1.13±0.29 items/g for P. perna. Investigation of microplastic concentrations at different trophic levels suggests that organisms at lower trophic levels are at greater risk of microplastics.  \u0000Keywords: Microplastics, Trophic transfer, Marine organisms, Seafood, Negombo ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Pharmacological Activities of Eclipta alba (Keekirindiya-Bhringarāja)","authors":"Munasinghe G.M.A.L.P., Madushani G.W.H., Molligoda S.P.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7202","url":null,"abstract":"This review article contributes to clarifying the pharmacological properties of Eclipta alba (Bhringarāja) which is traditionally used in medicaments in so many countries such as Sri Lanka, India, China, Brazil, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Nepal, Malaysia, Myanmar, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Pakistan, etc. Pharmaceutical products containing Eclipta alba have been used for different kinds of diseases and Bhringarāja had been mentioned in different types of prescriptions; especially in Samhitha Grantha. The main objective of this literature review is a discussion about pharmacological activities of Eclipta alba (Bhringarāja) and to provide an integrated, synthesized overview of the current state of knowledge on Eclipta alba (Bhringarāja) with Ayurvedic and traditional medical knowledge. The systemic literature review was carried out to gather authentic information on Eclipta alba (Bhringarāja). Relevant data for this study were gathered from Ayurveda textbooks, research papers, peer-reviewed indexed scientific journals, and authentic websites. Eclipta alba (Bhringarāja) is a small branched perennial herb, found in sandy and clay soils (waterlogged areas). Research article shows that Eclipta alba (Bhringarāja) has numerous medicinal properties such as Hepatoprotective, Hair growthpromoting, Antidiabetic, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Neuropharmacological, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cardiovascular, Immunomodulatory, Anti-epilepsy, Anti-venom, Anticancer, Antiulcer, Anthelmintic and Anti- hyperlipedic properties. The reason for these properties is stated to be its major chemical compounds such as wedelolactone, dimethyl wedeloctone, ecliptal, etc. I found through this research that most of the therapeutic actions such as Śōthara, Vedanāsthāpana, Vraṇaśodhana, Vraṇarōpaṇa, Savarṇakaraṇa, Chakshushya, Keśavardhana, Keśaranjana, etc. have been mentioned in Samhitha Grantha and Ayurveda pharmacopeia. Those actions have been confirmed by modern laboratory tests, clinical trials, and animal trials.  \u0000Keywords: Eclipta alba, Bhringarāja, Ayurveda, Pharmacological activities. ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Injustice in Sri Lanka through the Lens of Flooding Events","authors":"Gunawardena D.H., Wickramasinghe D.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Climate change is an issue of social justice as much as it is an issue of the environment. The impacts of climate change induced disasters are known to be felt disproportionately by those in the low socio-economic status. Against this backdrop, this paper investigates flood disasters in the light of climate injustice and the impacts on the socio-economic rights of affected communities in the Gampaha district. The present study used a cross-sectional study design with qualitative data from key informant interviews and quantitative data from secondary sources and primary data from a questionnaire-based survey in 200 households in the most affected Grama Niladhari Divisions of Wattala and Kelaniya Divisional Secretariat Divisions (DSDs). Receipt of Samurdhi relief was considered to represent the low socio-economic status. The study mobilized the disaster risk assessment factors and the findings revealed that those of low socio-economic status were of a significantly higher risk (Chi squared test, p<0.05) to flooding in terms of proximity to flooding source, structural vulnerability of housing, poor coping up ability, limited risk reduction measures and lack of opportunities to build resilience. Consequently, a significantly higher proportion (Chi squared test, p<0.05) of those of low socio-economic status were found to have faced difficulties in enjoying the aspects of the right to standard of living namely, right to health, water, food and adequate housing. In conclusion, floods have resulted in an injustice to those of low socio-economic status due to their disproportionately higher risk to flooding and the resultant impact on the full enjoyment of their socio-economic rights. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Climate change, Climate injustice, Floods, Socio-economic rights, Low socio-economic status \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Variability of Selected Soil Chemical Parameters in Low-yielding Paddy Production Block in Mahaweli System H, Sri Lanka","authors":"Attanayaka A.M.S.M., Akther M.S.R., Naveendrakumar G.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7185","url":null,"abstract":"Although water availability for paddy production in Mahaweli System H is abundant, paddy yield is lower in Nochchiyagama (278 km2), chosen for soil assessment. Paddy yield data were used to identify the low-yielding division using the area-weighted average. Twenty-five random locations were generated, and soil samples were collected for pH, soil conductivity (EC), salinity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) analysis. ArcGIS software was used to create spatial distribution maps and related geostatistical analyses for each parameter. Vector files were created with their associated properties, and thematic maps were generated using spatial interpolation techniques, such as universal kriging (UK), ordinary kriging (OK), and inverse distance weighted (IDW) methods of interpolation techniques to identify the best interpolation method for soil chemical parameters mapping. The entire Nochchiyagama land was observed to have a slightly acidic pH (5.6-5.9) range that may have affected rice crop growth due to nutrient mobility and uptake issues. The spatial interpolation evaluation suggests that at least two-thirds of the area observed for lower TDS levels (591-654 mg/L) is potentially unsafe paddy production. Elevated levels of EC (3.1-7.24 dS/m) along with TDS may lead to physiological drought due to interferences in ion uptake. In overall, spatial interpolation evaluation indicators suggest that the UK method was observed with a lower mean relative error (MRE) than the other two interpolations. However, EC distribution showed low MRE in both IDW and OK interpolation techniques. The IDW method was observed to have a lower RMSE (Root mean square error). The UK spatial interpolation performed better for TDS and salinity predictions than other methods. This study found consistent regional differences in low paddy yields in Mahaweli system H using the UK method for analyzing soil chemical parameters.  \u0000Keywords: Electrical conductivity, Interpolation errors, Salinity, Spatial interpolation ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of Surface and Vertical Salinity in Puttalam Lagoon during North-East Monsoon","authors":"Perera H.A.S.D, Jayathilake R.M.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7172","url":null,"abstract":"Puttalam Lagoon which covers 226 km2 located in Sri Lanka‘s Northwest coast, plays an important role in aquaculture and lagoon capture fisheries. Kala oya and Mee oya are the major freshwater sources which empties into the Lagoon by eastern bank. Salinity variability is an important environmental variable in lagoon system that has an impact on aquaculture and aquatic resources. During the Northeast monsoon (NEM) in 2021, the spatial and vertical fluctuation of salinity in the lagoon was studied using SBE 19plus V2 CTD profiler. Field measurements show that the vertical salinity stratification in the lagoon was substantial during the study period. The lagoon has a significant spatial variability of salinity, ranging from 15 psu to 26 psu and Kala Oya river mouth has a salinity of 22 psu which impacted by freshwater and sea water circulation. The Salinity stratification in eastern section of the lagoon where the Kala Oya and Mee Oya streamflow reach is observed with surface salinity of 15 psu. During the NEM season, the average discharge of Kala Oya and Mee Oya to the lagoon was 10.8 m3/s and 9.4 m3/s, respectively, with a mean monthly precipitation of 48.89 mm. Fresh water from the Kala and Mee oya rivers flows into the lagoon during the season, while low evaporation and significant rainfall led the salinity to decline during the wet season, influencing the structure and function of lagoon ecosystems. The study reveals that a significant area of the lagoon is covered by the 20-30 psu salinity range, which is more appropriate for brackish water fisheries, particularly for shrimp and prawns during NEM.  \u0000Keywords: Salinity, CTD profiling, Northeast Monsoon, Freshwater ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Garlic Extract as a Bath Treatment against Gyroductylus sp. in Guppy Fish (Poecilia reticulata)","authors":"Thusyakaanth S., Wijesinghe R.D.N., Bandara E.G.K.Y.C.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.6553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.6553","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitic infection is considered one of the major constraints in commercial fish farms owing to huge economic losses. Although there are plenty of commercial drugs available for treatments, those synthetic chemicals are more hazardous to the host and the environment than the parasite. Therefore, a special trend can be seen towards herbal medications. The present study is utmost significance as it focused on a well-known spice, Garlic (Allium sativum) as a bath treatment against gyrodactylosis caused by Gyrodactylus sp. The soxhlet extraction method was used to haul out the water-soluble compounds and the major components were identified using Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) techniques. During the phytochemical analysis, flavonoids, glycosides, quinones, and diterpenes were identified where the alkaloids, tannins, and phenols were absent in garlic extract. To find out the LC50, values acute toxicity test was performed in 72 hours with triplicates and 802.2ppm value was resulted. 216 of infected adult guppies (2.9 ± 0.1cm, 0.32 ± 0.05 g) were used for a three-hour in vitro bath treatment with different concentrations of garlic extract including 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L. Complete recovery from gyrodactylosis is observed by the means of microscopic observations at 3, 2.5, 2, and 1.5 h with 50, 100, 150, and 200mg/L of concentrations, respectively. According to the observations, it can be concluded that exposure to garlic extract caused the parasite to first detach from the host, then restrict its movements, and finally die. A significant negative correlation (p<0.01) can be observed between the garlic concentration and the eradication time. 250 ppm garlic extract bath for 0.5 hours was identified as the optimal and most effective treatment against gyrodactylosis. Therefore, garlic extract can be suggested as a herbal bath treatment against agent Gyrodactylosis infection in guppy fish.  \u0000Keywords: Bath treatment, LC50, Gyrodactylus sp, Poecilia reticulata ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B under UV Light Catalyzed by Alpha Titanium Phosphate and Metal Modified Titanium Phosphate","authors":"Jayasinghe K.W.P.V., Palliyaguru L., Jayaweera P.M.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.6618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.6618","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater management is a crucial issue in most emergent nations with ever-growing global industrialization. From textiles to food, mankind uses dyes and pigments which pose a threat to the environment due to organic non-biodegradable dyes contained in wastewater. Rhodamine B (RhB) is a conventional colorant in many industries producing a large amount of dye effluent, thus becoming a serious threat to the environment as well as human health. Additionally, RhB is dangerous even at extremely low quantities, making treatment of the RhB effluent more essential. Even though TiO2 is considered as the best photocatalyst to remove many organic pollutants, acceptable alternatives are needed due to being uneconomical in large-scale usage. Synthesis of titanium bismonohydrogen orthophosphate (α-TiP) can be achieved by refluxing ilmenite with phosphoric acid via a previously reported novel method. Solid state reactions of α-TiP and oxides of Co and Cu at 800° C result in various metal titanium phosphates (M-TiP) with unique colors. XRD, FTIR, and Diffuse reflectance UV-vis techniques were used for characterization of the obtained solids. Bandgap of α-TiP changed with the modification of different transition metal cations lowering bandgap from 4.01eV (α-TiP) to 3.57 eV (Cu-TiP). Aqueous RhB degradation under UV irradiation was used to investigate the photocatalytic abilities of these catalysts. For that 0.2 g sample of catalyst was added to a solution that contained 200 mL of a 5 mg L-1 Rh B which was kept for 15 mins in dark to reach adsorption-desorption equilibrium before exposing the sample to UV irradiation for 3 h. A clear enhancement of photocatalytic activity was observed from using Co- TiP as the catalyst, which only took around 80 min to remove almost all Rh B contained in the sample compared to α-TiP which took close to 3 h to become colorless. It was in alignment with spectrometer results where a clear reduction of intensity can be seen in wavelength at 552 nm. Photocatalytic activities of these catalysts decreased in the following order: Co-TiP>α-TiP>Cu-TiP. The Co-modified TiP showed degradation of 99.5% after 3 h of UV irradiation and pseudo first- order kinetics were followed by the degradation.  \u0000Keywords: Titanium Phosphate, Photocatalyst, Rhodamine B, Wastewater management ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valuation of the Bar Reef Marine Sanctuary from the Perception of the Visitors","authors":"Jayaratne C.T., Gunawardena U.A.D.P., Wattage P., Edirisinghe J.C.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Bar Reef is a diverse ecosystem with near shore coral reefs, sea grass beds and associated ecosystems with over 120 coral species and over 300 fish species reported from the surrounding sea. It has been declared as a marine sanctuary by the Department of Wildlife Conservation in 1992. Despite of the efforts it is subjected to over exploitation by extractive users, destructive fishing practices and visitor pressure on the ecosystem. The study sought to value the ecosystem degradation prevailing in the bar reef from the perception of the visitors using choice experiment method. Different attributes for the choice experiment were identified using two focus group discussions and 10 key informant interviews held prior to the mail survey. Identified attributes were level of plastic accumulated, use of illegal fishing nets, level of crowding and monetary contribution. An orthogonal main effect design was generated and 9 choice cards were prepared, each with 4 different attributes. Randomly selected 250 visitors were interviewed onsite during January to June 2021 and conditional logit model was used to analyze the significance of their preferences. Paying LKR 1,000, reducing crowding the beach area by 15% and reduction of plastic and polythene by 50% were the significant factors according to the results obtained at α=0.01. People are willing to pay LKR 1,001.18 if plastic pollution can be reduced by 50%. People are willing to pay LKR 998.92 if the crowding of the beach can be reduced by 15%. The results of this research emphasize the importance of protecting this habitat to the relevant stakeholders. Further, this research will enable to introduce new policies and practices so that sustainability of the ecosystem can be ensured. \u0000Keywords: Ecosystem sustainability, Choice experiment, Conditional logit, Marine plastic pollution, Visitor access management \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the Responses of Various Soil Amendments in Sandy Soils","authors":"Jayathilini D.L.D.C, Eeswaran R., Srikrishnah S.","doi":"10.31357/fesympo.v27.7173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7173","url":null,"abstract":"The primary constraints with sandy soils are low soil organic matter content, poor nutrient availability, heavy losses of applied nutrients and lower water holding capacity. Improving the productivity of sandy soils, particularly in developing countries, could be a viable solution to food insecurity and poverty. Large extent of sandy soil is one of the major constraints for crop production in the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. Meanwhile, various soil amendments can be applied to improve the performances of cropping systems in sandy soils. Nevertheless, a comprehensive knowledge on which soil amendment would work better across different scales is not well known. To address this knowledge gap, this review was conducted using published literature. Systematic review approach was adopted, and the data were extracted from 65 highly relevant papers. The data were analyzed to calculate the percentage changes on crop yields, soil organic matter and soil carbon, in response to the applications of different soil amendments. The review highlighted the potential of several soil amendments to improve the crop performances in sandy soils. Interestingly, rice straw biochar and the municipal solid waste compost have greatly increased crop yields especially in rice at the rate of 0.9% w/w and 3% w/w in soil weight basis, respectively. Highest improvement in soil organic matter and soil carbon was observed under the applications of compost and spent grain, respectively. Therefore, rice straw biochar and compost could be evaluated to improve the productivity of sandy soils, especially in the Eastern region of Sri Lanka. Although the spent grain was promising, the availability for large scale applications may be limited in Sri Lanka. Testing of these soil amendments would require long-term experiments incorporating different crops and cropping systems.  \u0000Keywords: Compost, Biochar, Sandy soil, Soil amendments ","PeriodicalId":205644,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}