Market economy problems最新文献

{"title":"Import substitution in the context of ensuring the economic sovereignty of the Russian Federation","authors":"I. A. Prodchenko","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-47-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-47-61","url":null,"abstract":"The study is devoted to the assessment of the interim results of the implementation of import substitution programs in key sectors of Russian industry, as well as their relationship with the level of economic sovereignty of the country. Goal. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the interim results of import substitution programs in key industries, to determine and characterize their impact on ensuring the economic sovereignty of the country. Research methodology. The study used a comparative and retrospective analysis of import substitution processes in Russia, as well as theories and concepts of ensuring the economic sovereignty of the state, the use of which allowed us to identify the importance of import substitution in the conditions of sectoral sanctions against Russian industrial enterprises. Results. The results of the scientific research allowed us to reveal the existing theoretical approaches to determining the place and role of import substitution in the system of state measures to ensure its economic sovereignty. The results of the assessment of the interim results of the implementation of import substitution programs in key industries are presented separately, the analysis of the factors preventing the achievement of key indicators in reducing import dependence and ensuring the required level of economic sovereignty of the Russian Federation is carried out. Conclusions/significance. In the course of the scientific research, the importance of applying the results of the implementation of import substitution programs in key industries in increasing the level of economic sovereignty of the country is proved. The results of the study allow us to assert that the sectoral economic sanctions imposed against Russia, in addition to the negative, had a positive effect, which consisted in updating the technological base of industrial and agricultural enterprises, in mastering the production of new types of products, in the structural reorganization of key branches of Russian industry that had begun. The correctness of the thesis that to ensure the economic sovereignty of the country, not full, but selective import substitution is required is confirmed. Otherwise, Russian enterprises will be deprived of access to new technologies and will not be able to implement their own diversification programs.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123612011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The economy of platform solutions – a new stage of the country's development","authors":"A. Bryntsev","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-98-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-98-107","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the author examines a new stage in the development of Russia, associated with the functioning of information and intellectual platforms in the context of the formation of the digital economy. The subject of the research is platform solutions focused on the coordination and interfacing of the interests of subjects at the macro and micro levels. The purpose of the article is to identify the main directions of applying the efforts of state regulation to effectively solve the problems of strategic development of the national economy. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the article consists of theoretical and applied research of Russian and foreign scientists, normative legal acts regulating the processes of digital transformation of industries and complexes. The author of the article uses general scientific methods in the field of management theory, system analysis, modeling, institutional and macroeconomic analysis, domestic and foreign developments aimed at rationalizing the potential of information and intellectual platforms in the country's economy. Results. The contradictions in the field of economic policy of Russia are identified, specifically the choice of what to focus on, on stimulating economic growth, or on financial consolidation, as well as the search for the optimal combination between them in the economic policy and practice of the Russian state. Conclusions. The growing influence of companies in the technological sector in the economy, the dynamic development of modern information and intelligent technologies: big data and cloud computing, artificial intelligence and supercomputers, smart cities and end-to-end video surveillance systems for their functioning urgently require platform solutions that allow you to build a modern high-tech society, on the one hand. They have a positive impact on the investment climate of the country, develop the digital management ecosystem, and allow investors to get a high income, on the other hand. Application. The obtained results can be used to optimize the business processes of industrial organizations in the development of the digital management ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127540128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of sanctions on Russia's technological sovereignty","authors":"S. Shkodinsky, A. M. Kushnir, I. A. Prodchenko","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2022-2-75-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2022-2-75-96","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the impact of sanctions on the technological sovereignty of Russia and proposals for leveling their destructive impact. In preparing the theoretical section of the research the authors used a number of general scientific methods of the empirical group (observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, logical reasoning), in the practical – specific scientific methods (static analysis, expert evaluations). In preparing proposals for the leveling of the destructive impact of sanctions, the methods of scenario analysis and Foresight were used. The authors made the following conclusions: 1) it is impossible to assess the true scale of the impact of the imposed sanctions under the existing system of public statistics, because the data on a number of goods (services) are closed; 2) to date, at least in the public field, no form of statistical data collection on the impact of sanctions on business has been introduced; 3) in the analyzed period from 2014 to the first quarter of 2022, there is an increase in the targeting of sanctions and the dominance of so-called sectoral sanctions aimed at a comprehensive impact on the most important sectors for the national economy of Russia: energy, oil and gas production, military-industrial complex, agro-industrial complex; 4) overcoming the impact of sanctions of high-tech industries is primarily associated with additional costs for the formation of their own technologies and the need to train (retrain) specialists to work in new conditions, which naturally slows down the innovative activity of business. The results of the study can be used to develop academic competencies in public administration in the digital economy, as well as to form professional competencies in the management of foreign economic activity of business in the context of escalating foreign policy contradictions and increasing threats to the functioning of the socio-economic system of Industry 4.0 format.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116516495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy security of fuel and energy companies in the context of the formation of national economic security","authors":"Mikhail M. Basharatyan","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2021-4-133-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-4-133-139","url":null,"abstract":"The publication considers aspects of the formation of energy security by companies in the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of Russia in the context of ensuring state security in the face of numerous threats and challenges. The priority role of the activities of fuel and energy companies in providing resources for sustainable socio-economic development of Russia, as well as a colossal contribution to the economy and society at all levels of existence, is stated. Attention is focused on the system of threats and challenges to energy security, formed by the fuel and energy companies, among which are the incompleteness of systemic and structural reforms in the industry, lack of resources and competencies to intensify strategic development, weakening of internal and external competitiveness under the influence of the sanctions factor, as well as unwillingness for a low-carbon transition. Practical solutions are proposed to improve the energy and economic security of the fuel and energy complex and the Russian economy in the face of great threats and challenges.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125713885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of agent-based approach to analyze migration flows taking into account epidemiological situation caused by the COVID-19","authors":"V. Abramov, Dmitry S. Evdokimov","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2020-3-49-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2020-3-49-58","url":null,"abstract":"Subject/topic. The paper is devoted to the analysis of trends related to migration rates in Russia during the spread of the new COVID-19 infection. Objectives. The purpose of this work is to study the experience of using the agent-based approach in modeling migration processes taking into account the epidemiological situation. Methodology. The research uses general scientific methods: economic analysis, ex-pert assessments, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, modeling, classification, historical and logical analysis. Results. Migration component is one of the main aspects in the demographic processes for each state. Various factors influence its estimated indicators but there are certain patterns and trends, such as seasonality, political situation in the world, living conditions in a particular country. The importance of this socio-demographic process remains unchanged. In Russia a new concept of state migration policy has been created for a period up to 2025. However, its implementation is complicated by the current epidemiological situation in the world. The spread of COVID-19 forced the country's borders to close which had a serious impact on migration flows. Due to the epidemiological situation migrants are forced to look for new jobs and change the usual routes that they used to move to other countries in order to earn money. In the Russian Federation the number of unemployed has increased and the process of ousting migrants from the labor market has intensified. The spread of the virus around the world has facilitated political decisions related to the return of Russians to their homeland. Thus, the social and political aspects of the consequences of the pandemic have seriously influenced the socio-demographic processes in the world. Conclusions. The specifics of assessing migration flows implies the use of software and analytical systems to study the general trend of migration including during special periods (economic crises, large-scale outbreaks of epidemics, etc.). The active use of agent-based models which recreates the system under study, as close to reality as possible, can help in solving problems related to the search, analysis, and forecasting of ways to solve acute problems as-sociated with changes in internal and external migration flows. Scope of the results. The results of the study can be applied for further research in the field of migration processes using agent-based modeling as well as in the process of improving migration policy in Russia with the development of global threats caused by the epidemiological situation in the world.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126877363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital economy of the XXI century and agriculture: a view from the perspective of developed and developing countries","authors":"A. Anishchenko","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2019-4-028-038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2019-4-028-038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133987764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food security is the basis of the country's economic security","authors":"Elena V. Prudius","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2023-2-112-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2023-2-112-124","url":null,"abstract":"The article defines food security, describes its types and factors influencing food security. An analysis is being made of the food security of the Russian Federation under sanctions pressure. For this, the main goals and objectives of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and the results of its implementation are considered. The description of the characteristics of import substitution is given, the implementation of the concept of import substitution in Russia is evaluated. An assessment of poverty in Russia and the food security of the country as a whole is being carried out. Recommendations are given to improve the country's food security.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131552739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and other countries: analysis of anti-crisis programs, impact on the position in international rankings and prospects for recovery","authors":"K. Zoidov, Konstantin S. Jankauskas","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-158-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-158-178","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the socio-economic consequences of the COIVD-19 pandemic, such as the increase in poverty and social differentiation. Goal. To identify and analyze the socio-economic consequences of the COIVD-19 pandemic in Russia and other countries of the world, the measures taken by national governments to combat these consequences, as well as the dynamics of Russia's position in international economic rankings and the presence or absence of a connection between this dynamics and the dynamics of investment in the national economy. Objectives. Analysis of indicators of poverty and social stratification in Russia and the world in the context of the COIVD-19 pandemic; comparison of anti-crisis economic programs in the largest countries and Russia by GDP; study of the methodology of the most credible international economic rankings; comparative analysis of the dynamics of Russia's position in international economic rankings and the dynamics of capital investment and foreign direct investment in Russia. Methodology. The methods of system analysis, classification and comparison, evolutionary-institutional theory and historical approach were applied. Statistical and other data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation, the Eurasian Economic Commission were used, and their own calculations were carried out on the basis of these data. Results. It was revealed that in order to combat the socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments in different countries implemented comprehensive packages of measures including such as increasing health care costs, direct support for the population, maintaining employment, promoting small and medium-sized businesses, and the most affected sectors of the economy. The total volume of the anti-crisis program in Russia, calculated as a percentage of GDP, is about 2-3 times less than in the largest world economies. Conclusions. At the same time, our country is distinguished by a significantly higher level of concentration of wealth in the hands of a group of so-called «super-rich» citizens, compared to the global average and the level of Eastern European countries, even in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the dynamics of the volume of capital investment and foreign direct investment, as possible sources of recovery of economic growth, significantly lags behind the dynamics of Russia's position in some international ratings.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130917888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logical and epistemological analysis of the impact of political economic relations on the civilizational security","authors":"B. V. Salikhov, I. S. Salikhova","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2022-4-71-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2022-4-71-86","url":null,"abstract":"The article offers a general approach to the problem of ensuring civilizational security as a function of political economic relations. The research logic of cognition of the interrelation of political economic relations and civilizational security is based on the analytical potential of such paired categories of dialectics as content and form, cause and effect, possibility and reality, general and special. The specification of interpretations of key concepts is carried out within the framework of the statistical-semasiological method of the study. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the interpretation of the essence of civilizational security and the characteristics of its three types, as well as in the development of general indicators for its assessing. Political economic relations as a source of inclusive, exclusive and extractive socio-cultural innovations are analyzed. The critical role of the state in ensuring the dynamic interrelation of socio-cultural traditions and innovations of the same name in strengthening the civilizational security of the country is substantiated. It is proposed to consider the unity of the level and quality of life of households as a system attractor that determines the degree of effectiveness of the relationship between political economic relations and civilizational security. The possibility of a «renaissance» of the theory of public choice and, within its framework, a «paradigm shift» towards methodological socioindividualism is characterized. The scientific and practical significance of the obtained results lies in the formation of a new discursive space with a subject «field» of the increasingly complex interrelation of value-semantic and socio-economic forms of human activity. The provisions and conclusions of the study can be used by the relevant public administration structures in developing a political economic model relevant to the imperatives of overcoming the civilizational crisis in our country and ensuring the security of the same name as necessary conditions for the successful integration of the domestic economy into the new world economic order.","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123980905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imperatives of development of the banking system in the Republic of Uzbekistan: questions of institutional provision economic security","authors":"U. Ziyadullaev","doi":"10.33051/2500-2325-2019-2-73-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2019-2-73-82","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":193006,"journal":{"name":"Market economy problems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121142632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}