{"title":"Robust isoclinic calculation for automatic analysis of photoelastic fringe patterns","authors":"J. A. Quiroga, E. Pascual, J. Villa-Hernández","doi":"10.1117/12.814610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814610","url":null,"abstract":"There are two main steps in the analysis of photoelastic fringe patterns: the isoclinics and isochromatics computation. For the isochromatic computation there exist several possibilities but one of the best, from the point of view of reliability and automatization, is the phase shift technique. However all phase shift isochromatic algorithms need a good estimation of the isoclinic direction angle that is a challenging task in presence of low birrefringence, isotropic points and monochromatic illumination. In this work we discuss the application of a novel isoclinic direction calculation method based in a phase shifting technique and a fast direction estimation regularized filter. Experimental results show that the proposed method together with a standard phase shifting isochromatic estimation is a good option for the automatic analysis of photoelastic fringe patterns under different illumination conditions, load levels and sample complexity, making possible further processing steps as full-field stress separation.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114682823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stabilization of semiconductor lasers by fiber Bragg gratings","authors":"B. Mikel, R. Helan, O. Cíp, P. Jedlicka","doi":"10.1117/12.814603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814603","url":null,"abstract":"We present methods of improvement of wavelength stability and tuneability of semiconductor laser diodes in fiber laser interferometers by fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). We developed simulation method to calculation of arbitrary fiber grating (apodized, chirp etc.) with high precision by combination of methods based on layered dielectric media (LDM) and transfer matrix. On the basis of our simulations and measurements of the commercially available fiber gratings we designed a special 100 mm long fiber Bragg grating with apodization. We expect the application of the FBG to improvement of the linewidth and mode-hop free tuning range of semiconductor lasers at the wavelength 760 nm to increase resolution of fiber laser interferometer based on these diodes. We built the absolute fiber laser interferometer with Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) to easy employ FBG to stabilize wavelength and control the tuning range. First set up is presented.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133698769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complete deformation analysis of transparent samples using digital shearography and holography","authors":"F. C. Catalan, R. D. Santos, P. Almoro","doi":"10.1117/12.814616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814616","url":null,"abstract":"Digital shearography is an optical technique that allows direct measurement of strain in deforming samples and detection of surface and sub-surface defects. Because of its simple set-up and insensitivity to rigid body translations, the method has gained considerable importance in nondestructive testing in an industrial environment. Despite of its advantages, however, its application remains limited to highly scattering opaque samples due to its high dependence on the quality of speckles. This study demonstrates the suitability of digital shearography in the strain analysis of acrylic glass, a transparent sample, under sub-surface compaction loading. To generate the speckles, nominal roughness is induced at the front surface of the glass. As compared to the polariscope, digital shearography is shown to be able to resolve microscopic displacements that may not be evident as birefringence. Microscopic strain induced in the sample in the order of 60 microstrains is resolved using the shearographic set-up. For a more complete investigation of the deformation in the sample, the sub-surface displacements in the material are also mapped using Fourier digital holography to complement the shearographic results. The technique can be applied to fluid flow visualization and evaluation of polymers and other transparent materials.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115672003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced resolution methods in shearography and holography for time-average vibration measurement","authors":"D. Borza","doi":"10.1117/12.814697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814697","url":null,"abstract":"Vibration measurement by time-average methods of different full-field techniques like speckle interferometry, digital holography or analog, optical holography is a powerful technique, able to provide vibration amplitude maps of high spatial resolution. The essential characteristic of full-field techniques is the simultaneous acquisition of data for all object points. Quantitative data processing aiming to obtain the full-field amplitude map is affected by several difficulties. The most important are the weak contrast of Bessel-type fringes and the speckle noise. The greatest obstacle in achieving complete amplitude field estimation comes from the orthogonal components of time-averaged interferograms, where the multiplicative, high-frequency phase noise covers the deterministic, vibration-related phase. Several researchers studied these problems in relation with the double-exposure method. In the present paper, the author presents in a single, unifying approach, these methods, common to all full-field interferometric techniques. An important reduction of multiplicative high-frequency phase noise allows obtaining fringe-averaged patterns whose intensity noise is much lower than in classical methods. The analysis leads to lower noise of the fringe patterns and extended measurement range, and also to a method of vibration-related phase estimation based on the mathematical inversion of the Bessel function, which may include in some stages subpixel precision.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125176889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research of the automatic imaging focusing measurement for off-axis Fresnel digital holography","authors":"Xun Yu, Liang Nie, Fang Wang, Xu Jiang","doi":"10.1117/12.814613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814613","url":null,"abstract":"Digital holography technology, which adopt CCD digital camera to record holograph, can get amplitude and phase information of the sample tested respectively through processing the image. Re-focus of the sample image can be realized by calculating complex amplitude information obtained. However, digital holograph reproduction system can't offer any criterion which determine whether reproduction image achieve fixed-focus state when reproduction image stands in the optimum position. Digital holography reproduction process need add an exterior criterion function, which implement automatic focus as normal imaging system. Aimed to digital imaging automatic focusing problem of off-axis Fresnel holography, image gradient energy method, image Laplace energy method, image shade of gray variance method are compared from two points of theory and practice view, and present the advanced measurement method based on spectrum band-stop filter. Experiment shows that the algorithm has some adaptability, especially image Laplace energy method based on spectrum band-stop filter has non-skewness, monotonicity, unimodality, kurtosis and robust.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123759510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The comparison of different temporal phase analysis algorithms in optical dynamic measurement","authors":"H. Miao, Y. Fu","doi":"10.1117/12.814544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814544","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, optical interferometry has been applied to whole-field, non-contact measurement of vibrating or continuously-deforming objects. In optical dynamic measurement, an interferogram sequence is obtained by a highspeed camera. Retrieving dynamic phase values from this interferogram sequence leads to a precise measurement of different kinematic and deformation parameters of a continuously-deforming or vibrating object. In this paper, this interferogram sequence is classified into two types: (i) intensity variation; and (ii) exponential phase signal. Different temporal phase retrieving techniques, such as Hilbert transform, Fourier transform, windowed Fourier transform and wavelet transform are applied to extract the phase from a simulated signal. The advantage and drawback of each algorithm are discussed. In addition, a new method based on the combination of Fourier transform and windowed Fourier transform is proposed and the simulation shows it can eliminate the noise and evaluate the phase more accurately.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122435443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduction of speckle noise in digital holographic images using wavelet transform","authors":"A. Sharma, G. Sheoran, Z. Jaffery, Moinuddin","doi":"10.1117/12.814558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814558","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of speckle noise in the reconstruction process of digital hologram reduces the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the reconstructed images. In this paper we present wavelet filtering to improve SNR in the reconstructed images. Experimental results are presented.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130591192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hua-Dong Zheng, Yingjie Yu, Haiyan Qian, A. Asundi
{"title":"Reduction of speckle noise by multi-kinoforms in holographic three-dimensional display","authors":"Hua-Dong Zheng, Yingjie Yu, Haiyan Qian, A. Asundi","doi":"10.1117/12.814510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814510","url":null,"abstract":"In order to avoid missing low-frequency information of three-dimensional (3D) object, pseudorandom phase is generally added to object planes in tomographic hologram calculation, but speckle noise is inevitably introduced. A novel method is proposed to improving the quality of image reconstructed from kinoform generated by computational tomographic holography. Multi-kinoforms of 3D object are calculated, and the images of these kinoforms are superposed to suppress the speckle noise of reconstructed image. An invariant pseudorandom phase is added to each object plane in calculating each kinoform, and the pseudorandom phase is generated randomly again in next kinoform calculating. Digital reconstruction results from single kinoform and multi-kinoforms are analyzed by considering the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and correlation coefficient (CC) between reconstructed images and original object, which verifies that the speckle noise in reconstructed image can be suppressed by superposing enough images reconstructed from the kinoforms. Electro-optical reconstruction results also confirm that the method is available.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123528454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The characterization of the double fiber Bragg grating fiber ring laser and its applications in a real time fiber sensing system","authors":"C. Ko, C. Yang, K. Huang, M. Shih","doi":"10.1117/12.814559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814559","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a fiber sensing system by using a fiber resonator which is formed by two fiber Bragg gratings. It is able to measure real time strain and stress directly by the variation of the intensity of the output power due to the modulation in the fiber resonator. It shows that recording of the strain variation can be achieved as high as 2K Hz. The frequency response, signal noise ratio, and maximum range of the sensing system are studied with various reflectivity of the FBG, and the coupling ratios of the couplers used in the system.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a metrological atomic force microscope for nano-scale standards calibration","authors":"S. H. Wang, G. Xu, S. L. Tan","doi":"10.1117/12.814517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.814517","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid advancement of nanotechnology is increasingly demanding measurements carried out at nano-scale be more accurate, comparable and traceable to the international standards of units (the SI). The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) is a very powerful tool for the measurement of surface texture and micro-/nano-structures, with wide applications in nanotechnology. However, the traceability and accuracy of quantitative measurements made by commercial AFMs are often questionable and large discrepancies among them have been reported. This paper describes a metrological AFM developed at the National Metrology Centre (NMC) which has a very large scanning range with nanometre uncertainty. In order to achieve direct traceability to the SI, the system was constructed by integrating an AFM probe with a 3-axis nano-translation stage furnished with high performance autocollimators and laser interferometers along its X, Y and Z axes on a metrological frame. The large scanning range (25 mm × 25 mm × 5 mm) enables the system to be used for surface inspection on much larger samples than those allowed in normal commercial AFMs. Details of the system design and operation will be described in the paper. The uncertainty evaluation was done using certified step height, 1D/2D lateral pitch gratings. The experimental results show that the system is capable of achieving an uncertainty in the order of a few nanometres, which demonstrates that the system is suitable for providing traceability to commercial scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) including AFMs through calibrated transfer artefacts.","PeriodicalId":191475,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Laser Metrology","volume":"10 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124516442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}