Volume 9: Engineering Education最新文献

{"title":"Strategies for the Improvement of Research Competences in the Professional Training of Engineers","authors":"C. R. Vidal, Yimy Gordon, D. Barreto, J. Fajardo, Pedro Fragoso","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69400","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The objective of this study is proposing strategies to strengthen research competencies needed by engineers in training. An analytical, situation research was conducted in four Engineering programs from a public university located in the municipality of Valledupar, Cesar Department, in Colombia. A Likert-scale questionnaire of 50 items was designed; while a document, review was performed applying a matrix that systematized the information about the study plan. Ten experts and five experts respectively validated the content of the questionnaire and of the matrix. The interpretation of the data evidenced that the greatest deficiencies of students were methodological competencies such as “result analyses”. They lack foundations on the use and interpretation of data, which hinders data processing for disseminating results, conclusions and recommendations in research reports. It is therefore necessary to transform the curriculum, including better teaching, pedagogical and didactic methods.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127267903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product Design Journey: Novel Tool Changer","authors":"Tariq Chagouri, Fawziya Al-Darwish, A. Sharif, Y. Al-Hamidi","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-72124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-72124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents a product design journey for a group of undergraduate sophomore university students as part of their Geometrical Modeling for Mechanical Design course. The course project aimed to help students to use basic process of engineering design, use a computer aided design (CAD) tool to model their product, engineering analysis tools to evaluate their design, and understand the need for prototyping.\u0000 The students started their journey with ideas tournament to select an outstanding idea which would be of a great market value. After intensive consultation with the course instructor and implementing a stringent selection criterion, students chose to design a novel tool changer that incorporates two different grippers with varying performance specifications. The students followed a systematic approach that got them involved in doing very thorough literature review in which they classified most of the grippers and tool changers available in the market. They also sensed how their product could be demanded in industrial applications where the utilization of a single gripper would demonstrate inconvenience. Such industrial sectors would be surgical operations where the operator would require a gripper to hold the flesh and another for cutting or stitching or any other surgical tasks, another application would be welding where a gripper is required to hold the metallic parts and another for performing the welding task. The utilization of two grippers with various designs would also expands the range of tasks that could be accomplished, for instance, a lot of manufacturing facilities requires performing internal and external gripping operations as is the case in car manufacturing, the tool Cha design introduced in this paper would facilitate such tasks by enabling the capability of simultaneous utilization of an internal and an external gripper. This design will also be beneficial in the current global pandemic where human interaction would be a genuine menace.\u0000 The systematic approach helped the students also to establish target specifications for their product, decompose the product into different subsystems and explore the whole design space of each subsystem. All concept solutions (fragments) of all subsystems were then compiled in a combination table to select the product final concept and in turn finalize product specifications.\u0000 After selecting the preferred combination of concept solutions, a CAD model was established to run the necessary simulations prior to realizing it into a tangible product through either additive manufacturing (3d printing) or subtractive manufacturing (milling, turning, or EDM).\u0000 Realizing that many aspects of the product design journey cannot be covered in this course, the students were eager to see how other upcoming courses would help in letting them to carry out more sophisticated tasks in the product design process.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125032531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Wireless Pasco Smart Carts to Demonstrate Vibration Principals","authors":"K. Hekman","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69500","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In a typical vibrations course, students learn mathematical models to predict the response of vibratory systems. Often, students have trouble visualizing what they are calculating with the equations. The goal is to have a visual example of the motions that are represented in the equations. Because of in-person meeting restrictions, demonstration experiments were recorded before class time, which allowed the analysis to be completed before class. A Pasco smart cart system was used to create the demonstrations. The carts are connected to the computer via Bluetooth and can measure force, position, and acceleration. Using the force sensor, the spring constant and magnetic damping coefficient are determined. Demonstrations were created for one and two degree of freedom systems. The response was shown for systems with and without magnetic damping. Free and forced responses were measured in all the cases. For single degree of freedom systems, higher-order components of the input were explored and using the convolution integral to calculate the response. At the end of the semester, students took a survey to learn of their experience. Overall, students strongly appreciated the visual representation of the modeling equations.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126932151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation of Elastic-Plastic Torsion in Strain Hardening Materials","authors":"S. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-73748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-73748","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The elastic-plastic problem of torsion of a solid circular bar of a strain hardening material has been studied in this work. The genesis of this study evolves from an experiment on torsion of circular bars where the torsional load (torque) was gradually increased causing the material to yield. The maximum torque caused the bar to go well into the plastic region. The torque-twist curves were generated for bars of circular cross-section made of aluminum. These curves which represent the material stress-strain curves, display strain-hardening characteristics. Upon load reversal, the materials yield in the reversed loading modes with reduced yield strength values displaying the Bauschinger Effect. The purpose of this investigation is to understand the effects of strain hardening on the torque-twist behavior of the materials under monotonic loading. The usual solutions to the elastic-plastic torsion assume elastic-perfectly plastic material behavior. These solutions are limited to cases where complete cross-section is plastic. This is because the elastic-plastic boundaries are generally difficult to find. Experimental solutions can be obtained readily for torsion of circular bars made of perfectly plastic materials using Nadai’s ingenious sand hill analogy. The torque for the case of sections going fully plastic can be directly obtained by determining the volume of the sand heap formed on a circular base (geometrically like the circular cross section of the bar). The analytical elastic-plastic torsion problem reduces to solving a Poisson’s equation with appropriate boundary conditions. The non-homogeneous part involves plastic strains for the strain hardened material, For the case of fully plastic behavior, the nonhomogeneous part is a constant and is amenable for analytical solutions. For the strain-hardened material, the nonhomogeneous part involves plastic strains. The solution therefore is not straightforward and requires the method of successive elastic solutions or successive approximations. It is to be noted that both the total and incremental theories of plasticity furnish the same solution to the torsion problem provided the material is perfectly plastic. It is reasonable to assume, therefore, that this will be approximately true for the case of strain hardened elastic-plastic material. Torsion experiments were conducted using circular bars of ductile materials such as steel and aluminum that exhibit strain hardening of various degrees. A good correlation results between the experimentally obtained torque twist characteristics with those obtained analytically. Relevant comparisons were also made with the fully plastic behavior obtained from Nadai’s sand heap analogy as the limiting case.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126529634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System Model on Traffic Flow of Vehicles at a Signalized Road Intersections","authors":"O. Olayode, L. Tartibu, M. Okwu","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-70956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70956","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years, most traffic accidents and congestions usually occur at road intersections in urban areas where the vehicle speed is high. This has necessitated the need for intelligent road transport systems and high-level algorithms to unravel the problem. In this study, the South Africa Road transportation system has been used as a case study to address traffic flow solutions at signalized road intersections using traffic flow variables such as traffic density, speed of vehicles, and traffic volume as decision variables. This paper focuses on using a hybrid creative algorithm based on signalized traffic flow to address the constant repetitive traffic congestion problem. The proposed hybrid algorithm is the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The speed of vehicles within the investigation period, the traffic density of the road network, and the traffic volume of vehicles on the road were used as input and output variables, respectively. Triangular membership function and Gaussian membership function were used for input and output variables, and rules were developed based on available traffic flow parameters. The result of the ANFIS model showed a training and testing performance of 0.8722 and 0.9370, respectively. This training and testing results showed that the ANFIS model is an effective model for optimizing traffic flow at signalized road intersections.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"439 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116019107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Defect Detection in Steel Plates Using Machine Vision","authors":"Aaron Mantoni, Vedang Chauhan","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-70791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70791","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Surface defect detection and classification in small size steel plates using machine vision inspection has been researched and presented in this paper. The steel plates that are used in the automobile drive chains for power transmissions are used as the test parts. The components of chains undergo the manufacturing steps such as punching, heat treatment and polishing before the final assembly. Due to a high temperature and loading conditions, sometimes the plates get distorted. The research project was set out to detect, classify and sort non-defective and defective plates into separate bins using machine vision inspection. A database of non-defective and defective parts was generated using the vision acquisition program. The number of images in the database were increased using data augmentation techniques. Various vision inspection techniques such template matching based object classification implemented using NI Vision Builder Software and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) implemented in MATLAB have been trained and tested. The vision algorithms communicated pass or fail decision through the serial communication and controlled the sorting system using a microcontroller. Depending on the decision, the parts were sorted into accepted (non-defective parts) or rejected (defective parts) bins. The project was successful in achieving the milestones defined in the research objective. The results with the two inspection methods, Object classification and CNN based method, have been reported. A classification accuracy of 96 % was achieved using the object classification method, while the CNN based method resulted in the 100 % classification accuracy. The developed algorithms can be implemented on a high-speed smart camera and the system can be used for realtime online inspection.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130672864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing Engineering Codes and Standards Throughout the Curriculum of a Newly Established Mechanical Engineering Program","authors":"A. C. Seibi, I. Jaafar, S. Tolman, A. Amin","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this paper is to present the development of a framework that integrates standards and codes in design related courses throughout the curriculum of a newly established mechanical engineering program at Utah Valley University (UVU). This framework will be based on the results of recently conducted surveys by the authors on Junior and Senior students. The surveys were conducted over two consecutive semesters (Fall 2020 and Spring 2021). The aim of the surveys was to i) check the students’ level of awareness and knowledge of standards and codes ii) determine the level of improvement of their understanding of codes and standards in the subsequent semester by comparing results from the first and second survey. The results of the surveys were used to develop a framework that incorporates standards and codes in design related courses throughout the curriculum. Data analysis of both surveys revealed an improvement of students’ awareness and comprehension of standards and codes in the second semester where 2/3 of the students claimed that they were familiar with standards and codes as compared to 1/3 in the first run. This has been attributed to further emphasis of standards and codes application in the design process in some of the courses. The results were used by the mechanical engineering program as a catalyst to identify the proper courses throughout the curriculum, in which design standards and codes can be introduced. The paper also outlines a plan that the program is pursuing to fill in the gap of standards and codes usage in the design process in order to meet ABET requirements and to prepare students for industry. The paper explains the assessment methods used to fulfill ABET requirements related to standards/codes and concludes with some practical steps to adopt their usage in the curriculum.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116707867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Computational Investigations of Spark Ignition Engine Performance","authors":"P. Venkateswaran","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-67623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-67623","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper describes a comprehensive experimental and numerical project implemented in a third-year applied thermodynamics course. In the project, students experimentally investigate the performance of a single-cylinder spark ignition (SI) and then develop a numerical model for the same engine which accounts for non-isentropic and finite-duration heat release effects. Using the experimental data and numerical model, students investigate the impact of compression ratio and spark timing on a variety of engine performance parameters such as peak pressure, power, and efficiency.\u0000 The project has some unique learning outcomes. First, students are able to compare the performance of a real SI engine to the Otto cycle model studied in class. Second, they gain experience applying concepts from thermodynamics, heat transfer and numerical methods to develop a realistic numerical model for the actual engine. In the development of the model, the constants needed for closure of the model and system of equations must be obtained empirically from the experimental data. This experience provides students with valuable insight into the inner workings of commercial simulation software packages where closure models are often developed from experimental data.\u0000 The paper concludes with suggestions of additional tasks and refinements that can be incorporated into this project to capture real-world effects such as heat losses during the combustion process. In addition, challenges in the implementation of this project and hurdles encountered by students are also discussed along with some suggestions to counter these issues.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125610765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Approaches to Enhance Awareness on Additive Manufacturing in Engineering Education Towards Competencies for Industry 4.0","authors":"Saleh Atatreh, Mozah Alyammahi, R. Susantyoko, Hesham Ismail, Abdalla Mohammed","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-71364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-71364","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies offer numerous solutions to today’s challenges and a variety of applications. Since AM is a promising manufacturing route and is frequently involved with product development, the designing process for such products or parts involves multi-disciplinary teams, such as subject-matter experts and AM processing experts. Often, there is a gap in communication between the two sides occurs in such projects, leading to multiple avoidable iterations that can affect the project resources and outcomes. This study proposes an innovative approach to teach AM for engineers from multiple disciplines to be involved in future projects that integrate AM. The course was designed using three teaching strategies and approaches, which are Design with Additive Manufacturing, Project-Based Learning, and engineering facilitator. The proposed AM accelerated course has proven to be a practical approach that can facilitate the communication process during such projects, resulting in innovative and user-centered solutions. Moreover, the approach is expected to help explore new applications of AM and enhance the AM process workflow in large organizations for spare parts production or product development.","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114358533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic Finite Element Modeling of Laminated Fiber-Reinforced Composite Beams Under Transverse Loading","authors":"Boyang Chen, S. Jones, Matt Riley","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69851","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It is common in analytic fiber-reinforced composite theory to assume uniformly distributed material properties across the fiber direction to minimize computational expense. However, manufacturing processes introduce imperfections during the construction of composite materials, such as localized delamination, non-uniform distribution in matrix and fibers, pre-existing stress, and tolerance issues [1]. These imperfections make it more difficult to predict the behavior of composite materials under loading. As a result, manufacturers and designers must use conservative estimates of material strength.\u0000 This study aims to quantify the uncertainty in laminated fiber-reinforced composite beams subjected to cantilever loads on a macroscopic scale and to provide an all-inclusive introduction to stochastic composite modeling using the finite element method. This introduction is intended for upper undergraduates or new graduate students how are already familiar with structural mechanics and the finite element method. The goal of the paper is to introduce the key topics related to stochastic composite modeling and have validation material with which they can develop and verify custom finite element code.\u0000 The system investigated herein is a composite cantilever beam subjected to a transverse tip displacement. Classical Lamination Theory (CLT) is first employed to predict the transverse tip displacement of a beam composed of four lamina at adjustable fiber orientations. A finite element model is then created using a CLT approach to simulate the composite beam’s deformation under tip loading. The Euler-Bernoulli beam elements contain two nodes with two degrees of freedom each: transverse deflection and rotation. These elements are relatively simplistic relative to other composite finite elements, but are sufficient to demonstrate the effect of stochastic material property variation on the overall response of the beam without obfuscating the approach. The finite element results are validated against the analytic predictions for multiple fiber direction layups to ensure the numerical predictions are accurate.\u0000 The stochastic approach for varying material properties is then added to the validated finite element code. A Karhunen–Loève expansion of a modified exponential kernel is used to produce spatially-varying elastic modulus profiles for each lamina in the composite beam. The predicted tip displacement for the beam with varying properties is computed, and then CLT is used to determine the effective uniform elastic modulus that is required to produce the same tip displacement. This comparison allows the reader to quantify the impact of the spatially varying properties to a single design property: the effective flexural modulus. A Monte Carlo simulation of 1000 composite beams is then used to determine the statistical distribution of the effective flexural modula. Results suggest that the “averaging effect” of bonding multiple laminas with varying material prop","PeriodicalId":187039,"journal":{"name":"Volume 9: Engineering Education","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117189622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}