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Switching between swimming states in rotifers – case study Keratella cochlearis 轮虫在游泳状态间的转换——耳蜗角虫的个案研究
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1503541
U. Obertegger, A. Cieplinski, Michael Raatz, Pierluigi Colangeli
{"title":"Switching between swimming states in rotifers – case study Keratella cochlearis","authors":"U. Obertegger, A. Cieplinski, Michael Raatz, Pierluigi Colangeli","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1503541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1503541","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Swimming is of vital importance for aquatic organisms because it determines several aspects of fitness, such as encounter rates with food, predators, and mates. Generally, rotifer swimming speed is measured by manual tracking of the swimming paths filmed in videos. Recently, an open-source package has been developed that integrates different open-source software and allows direct processing and analysis of the swimming paths of moving organisms. Here, we filmed groups of females and males of Keratella cochlearis separately and in a mixed experimental setup. We extracted movement trajectories and swimming speeds and applied the classification method random forest to assign sex to individuals of the mixed setup. Finally, we used advanced statistical methods of movement ecology, namely a hidden Markov model, to investigate swimming states of females and males. When not discriminating swimming states, females swam faster than males, while when discriminating states males swam faster. Specifically, females and males showed two main states of movement with many individuals switching between states resulting in four modes of swimming. We suggest that switching between states is related to predator avoidance. Males of K. cochlearis especially exhibited switching between turning in a restricted area and swimming over longer distances. No mating or other male–female interactions were observed. Our study elucidates the steps necessary for automatic analysis of rotifer trajectories with open-source software. Application of sophisticated software and analytical models will broaden our understanding of zooplankton ecology from the individual to the population level.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80294997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
The effects of meal size on postprandial metabolic response and post-exercise metabolic recovery process in juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) 饵料大小对青鱼幼鱼餐后代谢反应和运动后代谢恢复过程的影响
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1497427
Xiu-Ming Li, S. Fu, Xiao-Jin Li, Hua Zheng, Jianglan Peng, Wei Wei, Xu Pang, Yao-guang Zhang
{"title":"The effects of meal size on postprandial metabolic response and post-exercise metabolic recovery process in juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)","authors":"Xiu-Ming Li, S. Fu, Xiao-Jin Li, Hua Zheng, Jianglan Peng, Wei Wei, Xu Pang, Yao-guang Zhang","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1497427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1497427","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The effects of meal size on the postprandial metabolic response and of digestion on the post-exercise metabolic recovery process were investigated in juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) . Experimental fish were forcedly fed with compound feed (meal sizes: 0.5%, 1% and 2% body weight). Then, the postprandial oxygen consumption rate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of the experimental fish were measured. Both the duration and the peak of oxygen consumption rate (PMR) increased with increasing meal size. The peak post-exercise metabolic rate of digesting fish were significantly higher, whereas EPOC magnitude and its duration were significantly smaller or (shorter) than those in the fasting fish. It is suggested that (1) this fish fulfills the increased energy demand during the digestive process by increasing PMR and by prolonging SDA duration with increasing meal size and (2) digesting fish might decrease their anaerobic exhaustive activity but increase the post-exercise recovery capacity.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75208064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
A meta-analysis of the ecological and evolutionary drivers of metabolic rates in brachyuran crabs 短尾蟹代谢率的生态和进化驱动因素的荟萃分析
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1474714
B. Griffen, T. Sipos
{"title":"A meta-analysis of the ecological and evolutionary drivers of metabolic rates in brachyuran crabs","authors":"B. Griffen, T. Sipos","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1474714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1474714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Metabolic rates provide an estimate of the cost of living for different organisms that can readily be compared across species to provide an estimate of their relative requirements for survival. As such, metabolic rates have been measured for decades on a wide range of organisms. Here, we review published estimates of metabolic rates for brachyuran crabs, a ubiquitous and ecologically and economically important group of consumers. Consistent with ecological theory and results in many other groups of animals, and after controlling for phylogenetic relationships, crab metabolic rates scale with body mass with a scaling exponent of 0.65. Similarly, as with other groups of poikilotherms, crab metabolic rates increase strongly with temperature, with a Q10 of 1.26. Additionally, we found that metabolic rates were correlated with ecological niche, varying with both the diet strategy and the habitat occupied. These results help clarify the relative risk to crabs from environmental changes that impose metabolic stress, including climate change and the proliferation of hypoxic zones.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80107553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Cushion star (Culcita schmideliana) preys on coral polyps in Gulf of Mannar, Southeast India 印度东南部马纳尔湾的靠垫星(Culcita schmideliana)捕食珊瑚虫
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1473013
K. D. Raj, G. Mathews, M. Bharath, R. L. Laju, P. Kumar, A. Arasamuthu, J. Edward
{"title":"Cushion star (Culcita schmideliana) preys on coral polyps in Gulf of Mannar, Southeast India","authors":"K. D. Raj, G. Mathews, M. Bharath, R. L. Laju, P. Kumar, A. Arasamuthu, J. Edward","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1473013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1473013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Corallivore animals play vital role in coral reef ecology. Predation on corals by other organisms has not been studied properly in the Indian waters. This study reports the first observation of predation by cushion star (Culcita schmideliana) on coral polyps in Gulf of Mannar (GoM), southeast India. During our regular underwater surveys in GoM, C. schmideliana was found preying on hard coral Acropora formosa and soft coral Sarcophyton sp. at a depth of 3 m in Vilanguchalli patch reef. Though C. schmideliana has been sighted often under water, it has not been observed to predate on corals in GoM before. The area where predation was observed has a major population of hard corals (50.21%) besides seagrasses (8.36%) and soft corals (6.11%). Temperature anomalies and the consequent coral bleaching could be the factors making C. schmideliana prefer coral polyps.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74124551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Internal illuminance and shelter shape affect shelter selection by the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica 室内光照和遮蔽形状影响日本鳗鲡对遮蔽物的选择
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1495547
Keishi Matsuda
{"title":"Internal illuminance and shelter shape affect shelter selection by the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica","authors":"Keishi Matsuda","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1495547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1495547","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study evaluated the effects of internal illuminance and shelter shape on shelter selection by Japanese eels to enable the preservation or construction of suitable shelters for the Japanese eel. Japanese eels were able to distinguish a 1.25-fold difference in illumination inside the shelters, and preferred darker shelters. When the internal illumination of two shelters with the same shape was less than one-tenth of the ambient illumination (about 400 lx), shelter selection by Japanese eels was not affected by internal illuminance, even when there was a 10-fold difference in internal illumination between shelters. The width of the shelter was not important, but Japanese eels preferred a deep shelter with a low ceiling and walls that spread to a ‘dead end’. This has important implications on the creation of suitable shelters for Japanese eels.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78863447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Comparison of the response of in hospite and ex hospite Symbiodinium to elevated temperature 内寄生和外寄生共生菌对高温反应的比较
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1503935
S. Ravelo, C. Conaco
{"title":"Comparison of the response of in hospite and ex hospite Symbiodinium to elevated temperature","authors":"S. Ravelo, C. Conaco","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1503935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1503935","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Corals exhibit different responses to increasing temperature but it remains unclear whether this is determined exclusively by symbiont type or by intrinsic properties of the host. Here, we investigated the response to elevated temperature of symbionts of the same ITS2 type from three acroporid species from Bolinao, northwestern Philippines. Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of PSII was measured in symbionts subjected to 26°C (average winter temperature) and 31°C (average summer temperature) for up to 48 hrs. Greater reduction in Fv/Fm was observed for ex hospite than for in hospite symbionts. However, no significant differences in response could be discerned for symbionts associated with or originating from the different acroporids. Thus, while these findings confirm that the coral host can protect in hospite symbionts from temperature perturbations, for the acroporids in this study, there is still no evidence that host type confers differential thermal susceptibility to the symbionts or to the coral holobiont.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73984757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Precise foraging schedule in an intertidal euopisthobranch mollusk 潮间带真腹门软体动物的精确觅食时间表
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1505430
Alexander S. Himstead, W. G. Wright
{"title":"Precise foraging schedule in an intertidal euopisthobranch mollusk","authors":"Alexander S. Himstead, W. G. Wright","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1505430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1505430","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Most studies of foraging in shell-less gastropods have focused on the ubiquitous generalist sea hares (family Aplysiidae; subfamily Aplysiinae: Aplysia spp., Dolabella spp). Here we studied movement in a specialist sea hare (the seacat, Dolabrifera dolabrifera; subfamily Dolabriferinae). Seacats in each of 7 different tidepools on Isla Naos in the Gulf of Panama emerged precisely when the daytime ebbing tide fell below the height of their pool, returning to their hiding places within 1-3 hours. This short, precise foraging pattern contrasts sharply with long, variable schedule of the generalist sea-hares. Combined with their reduced chemical and behavioral defenses, these observations on seacats raise the possibility that they are avoiding predators during high tides and at night.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90605965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Changes of movement behavior and HSP70 gene expression in the hemocytes of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in response to acoustic stimulation 声刺激下泥蟹血细胞运动行为及HSP70基因表达的变化
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1439337
Weizhengrong Zhou, Xiaoshuai Huang, Xiaomei Xu
{"title":"Changes of movement behavior and HSP70 gene expression in the hemocytes of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in response to acoustic stimulation","authors":"Weizhengrong Zhou, Xiaoshuai Huang, Xiaomei Xu","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1439337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1439337","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Offshore anthropogenic activities often produce high levels of noise below 1000 Hz, which can be serious threats to aquatic crustaceans based on the knowledge about their acoustic sensitive bandwidth. This study simulated noise with main frequency band similar to common underwater engineering noises, and examined its effects on movement behavior and physiological response, indicated by heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression, of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Experiments were conducted in the tanks, equipped with hydrophone, transducer, and video recording system, using juvenile S. paramamosain. Three acoustic stimulations with ascending levels were separately imposed on the animals. Results showed that the linear sweep with the sound power spectral density greater than 110 dB re 1μPa2/Hz in total bandwidth (100–1000 Hz), and 155 dB re 1μPa2/Hz within 600–800 Hz, could increase locomotor activities and HSP70 gene expression significantly.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89500629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Acute toxicity of nitrite in fat snook (Centropomus parallelus) 亚硝酸酯对大鼠的急性毒性研究
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1447850
Andressa de Souza Lima Rodrigues, K. G. Gnocchi, Frederico Augusto Cariello Delunardo, L. Medeiros, J. Merçon, L. C. Gomes
{"title":"Acute toxicity of nitrite in fat snook (Centropomus parallelus)","authors":"Andressa de Souza Lima Rodrigues, K. G. Gnocchi, Frederico Augusto Cariello Delunardo, L. Medeiros, J. Merçon, L. C. Gomes","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1447850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1447850","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oxidative stress and hypoxia responses in Centropomus parallelus exposed to three different concentrations of nitrite (0, 0.5, and 10 mg L−1) were evaluated. To determinate toxicity, we used enzymatic analyses and quantifications of oxygen consumption and opercular beats under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia. There was no significant difference in GST, CAT, or GPx enzymes in the liver or in GPx in the gills. Levels of GST were altered at a concentration of 10 mg L−1 in experiment I. Experiment II displayed alterations for GST and CAT in the liver at the same concentration, indicating that exposure to nitrite does not generate differentiated activation in the body’s defense system by the production of oxidative stress enzymes. When nitrite was associated with hypoxia, there was a significant increase in both enzymatic activity and opercular beating under hypoxia in the group exposed to 10 mg L−1 nitrite compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72705783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extreme water efficiency of Cape gannet Morus capensis chicks as an adaptation to water scarcity and heat stress in the breeding colony 角塘鹅幼鸟对繁殖群体缺水和热应激的极端水分利用
IF 1 4区 生物学
Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1442176
Rene Navarro, Harro A. J. Meijer, Leslie G. Underhill, R. Mullers
{"title":"Extreme water efficiency of Cape gannet Morus capensis chicks as an adaptation to water scarcity and heat stress in the breeding colony","authors":"Rene Navarro, Harro A. J. Meijer, Leslie G. Underhill, R. Mullers","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1442176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1442176","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cape gannet Morus capensis chicks depend entirely on fish prey and metabolic water for water requirements during development. Water loss through evaporative cooling due to heat stress is substantial. We measured water flux and field metabolic rates (FMR) of Cape gannet chicks and adults to determine if gannets developed water saving strategies. The water economy index (WEI, g kJ−1) decreased with chick age according to the model WEI = 0.676 – 0.272 × log10(t), indicating that water efficiency increased with age. At fledging, the WEI of chicks was at the level expected of adult desert birds. Desert birds maintain a low WEI by also having a low FMR, whereas Cape gannet chicks have FMR comparable to other seabird species’ nestling requirements. We propose that maintaining low WEI is adaptive for Cape gannets because (1) chicks need to balance water loss through evaporative cooling, (2) fledglings need to overcome a period of up to a week when they cannot ingest any water and (3) adults spend extended periods in the breeding colony during which water can become a limiting factor. Understanding the physiological mechanism of maintaining low WEI will become increasingly important with future rising temperatures.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89896737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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