Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)最新文献

{"title":"A New Methodology for CTOD Estimation Using Double Clip Gauge in Pipeline Steels","authors":"M. N. Silvestre, D. Sarzosa","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93647","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The increasing energy demand has spurred the exploration and production of oil and natural gas in dangerous and hostiles areas. Therefore, accurate calculation of fracture toughness is essential for fitness-for-service (FFS) analyses of critical engineering structures, such as the piping system used in the offshore industry. Regarding the oil and gas exploration in Brazil, 68% of the total area has already been explored, with 71% of that explored area having been developed in recent years. Oil and gas companies have preferentially chosen Crack-tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) due to the vast data of fracture toughness obtained in the past. Moreover, the professionals involved in this area are more familiarly with this parameter since it is easy of understanding because it involves physically crack flank deformation. Different methods to measure CTOD are available in the literature, such as the plastic hinge model, J-integral conversion and double clip gage method (DCGM). Experimentally, DCGM has been widely used to calculate in offshore pipelines. Discrepancies between experimental and numerical measures have been reported. Motivated by the explanation above, this work aims to propose new numerical analyses to evaluate the CTOD using the DCGM using non-linear finite element analyses. New and improved equations are developed to take into accounting knifes position.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130628176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of EDS Vessel Clamping System and Door Seal","authors":"J. Stofleth, M. Tribble, J. Ludwigsen, R. Crocker","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93755","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The V26 containment vessel was procured by the Project Manager, Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel (PMNSCM) for use on the Phase-2 Explosive Destruction Systems. The vessel was fabricated under Code Case 2564 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, which provides rules for the design of impulsively loaded vessels. The explosive rating for the vessel, based on the Code Case, is nine (9) pounds TNT-equivalent for up to 637 detonations, limited only by fatigue crack growth calculations initiated from a minimum detectable crack depth.\u0000 The vessel consists of a cylindrical cup, a flat cover or door, and clamps to secure the door. The vessel is sealed with a metal gasket. The body is a deep cylindrical cup machined from a 316 stainless steel forging. The door is also machined from a 316 stainless steel forging. The closure clamps are secured with four 17-4 PH steel threaded rods with 4140 alloy steel threadednuts on one end and hydraulic nuts on the other.\u0000 A flange with four high-voltage electrical feedthroughs is bolted to the door and sealed with a small metal gasket. These feedthroughs conduct the firing signals for the high-voltage Exploding Bridge-wire detonators. Small blast plates on the inside of the door protect fluidic components and electrical feedthroughs. A large blast plate provides additional protection.\u0000 Both vessel door and feedthrough flange employ O-ring seals outside the metal seals in order to provide a mechanism for helium leak checks of the volume just outside the metal seal surface before and after detonation.\u0000 In previous papers (References 2 and 3), the authors describe results from testing of the vessel body and ends under qualification loads, determining the effective TNT equivalency of Composition C4 (EDS Containment Vessel TNT Equivalence Testing) and analyzing the effects of distributed explosive charges versus unitary charges (EDS Containment Vessel Explosive Test and Analysis).\u0000 In addition to measurements made on the vessel body and ends as reported previously, bulk motion and deformation of the door and clamping system was made. Strain gauges were positioned at various locations on the inner and outer surface of the clamping system and on the vessel door surface. Digital Image Correlation was employed during both hydrostatic testing and dynamic testing under full-load explosive detonation to determine bulk and bending motion of the door relative to the vessel body and clamping system. Some limited hydrocode and finite element code analysis was performed on the clamping system for comparison.\u0000 The purpose of this analysis was to determine the likelihood of a change in the static sealing efficacy of the metal clamping system and to evaluate the possibility of dynamic burping of vessel contents during detonation. Those results will be reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131534774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proving Pipelines Safety Through Integration of Non-ILI to ILI Integrity Programs","authors":"Mahmoud Ibrahim, S. Hassanien, Lyndon Lamborn, Yvan Hubert","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93716","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The integrity of transmission oil pipelines are often managed through in-line inspections (ILI) at regular intervals. For the last two decades, such ILI-based integrity programs along with excavations and field non-destructive testing (NDE) have proven their effectiveness in terms of reliability. In a few cases, some pipes contain; for example, a unique cracking mechanism exhibited by short, deep axial cracks located in the vicinity of girth welds. These attributes pose sizing difficulties for ultrasonic crack ILI tools. Accordingly, operators may lean on supplemental integrity activities to prove the safety of the pipelines such as; but not limited to, hydrostatic testing, laboratory testing of cut-outs, qualitative ranking of features, borehole leak detection analysis, Just-Missed-Flaw (JMF) or Just Surviving Flaw (JSF) analysis, discharge and/or point pressure restrictions, and/or a mix between all the previous techniques. Moreover, it is the operators’ responsibility to evaluate the risk associated with their integrity plans. Hence, it is important to be able to analyze the reliability of such integrity activities quantitatively. This paper presents an event-tree approach which can augment standard ILI or hydrostatic test results and probabilistic analysis with non-ILI integrity measures under one umbrella. In this approach, the likelihood of failure for both leak and rupture modes can be comprehensively estimated. The event tree approach is used herein as an inductive analytical diagram in which failure events are analyzed using Boolean logic to examine a chronological series of subsequent integrity actions and consequences. The proposed approach is also designed to capture subject matter experts’ opinion into the analysis as part of the integrity management program. The work discusses a real practical application along with verification and validation elements of the proposed integrated approach.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114504353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burst Strength of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyethylene Pipes With Delamination Defect","authors":"Ni Zhenlei, Jianfeng Shi, Jinyang Zheng","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Glass fiber reinforced polyethylene pipes (GFRPs) are increasingly utilized in the oil and gas transportation industries because of their various benefits. Delamination is one of the most common defects in GFRPs during manufacturing and service, which can affect their mechanical properties. This paper focused on the influence of delamination on short-term burst strength of GFRPs. The GFRPs specimens were 100mm-inner diameter and reinforced by 12 layers of ± 55° cross winding glass fiber tapes. Firstly, artificial delamination of different widths were designed and put into the specimens. Then, the short-term burst tests were carried out. Meanwhile, finite element models were established to predict the burst pressures and the numerical results were in good agreement with that of test results. The results showed that the widths and axial locations of delamination defects had significant influence on the burst pressure and stress distribution, which could lead to a premature burst failure of GFRPs during service. The deformation of GFRPs close to the defect region was also analyzed and the failure mechanism of GFRPs containing defects was discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130726140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Studies on Discharge Characteristics of the Typical Thermally-Activated Pressure Relief Device Used for High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Cylinder in Different Fire Conditions","authors":"Bo Ke, Jinyang Zheng, Guan Chunlin, Zhao Baodi, Huang Qianghua, B. Liao","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93381","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thermally-activated pressure relief devices (TPRD) with glass bulbs or fusible alloy are applied to high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders (HHSC), in order to release hydrogen gas from the cylinder in fire accidents. In this paper, cylinders with different TPRDs were tested in two groups using different bonfire test methods. In group A, the fire was set exactly under the TPRD. While in group B, the fire was set 80 mm beside the TPRD. The result shows that TPRDs with glass bulb and fusible alloy acted in a similar way when the fire was under the cylinder and the TPRD. However, they acted in a quite different way when the fire was only under the cylinder and beside the TPRD. In group A, hydrogen was released continuously from TPRD both for glass bulb and fusible alloy. In group B, hydrogen was released continuously from the TPRD using glass bulb which was similar to the group A. However, for TPRDs using a fusible alloy, hydrogen was released in several stages taking much more time. The results are instructive for the design and selection of TPRDs on HHSC.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126512346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactor Vessel Hazard Assessment Case Study","authors":"M. Edel, G. Zyl, Abdulrahman Atarji","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93856","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Operation of a multi-tubular reactor vessel includes some inherent risks and potential hazards. Multi-tubular reactors tend to be large vessels that contain hydrocarbons under pressure. Some potential hazards that may ensue from potential vessel failure include fragments (i.e., debris), blast loads, and heat.\u0000 This paper involves the discussion of a case study of a multi-tubular reactor vessel that sustained corrosion cracks on full penetration groove welds near the top and bottom heads. A hazard analysis is conducted that considered various potential scenarios associated with an accidental head failure. The structural response of the vessel is determined using mechanics of materials-based finite element analysis (FEA) models. Blast loads emanating from the vessel as the pressurized water/steam escaped the vessel through a failed opening are estimated. Projectile trajectories for fragments of weldment launched from the failed circumferential weld are also calculated. The results of the models lead to recommended safe standoff distances and potential mitigation options.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"411 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122472919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Pedicle Screw Thread Shape on the Stress Concentration Under Lateral Bending","authors":"Yucheng Yang, Q. Ma","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93162","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pedicle screws (PS) are frequently used in medical spinal column fixation. Despite 7 out of 100 pedicle screws fracture inside of the patients’ body and under the claim that lateral bending is the main failure mode, little research has addressed the stress characteristics and the fracture location of the PS under lateral bending. This study focuses on the effect of thread design on the magnitude and location of maximum stress concentration. Four types of thread shapes are considered including V-shape, square-shape, buttress, and reverse buttress. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) methods are used in this investigation. A load of 150 Newton is applied at the screw head to simulate lateral bending. The models are created in SolidWorks. The 3D FE analysis is performed using the standard coding of ANSYS Workbench 19.1. Based on this study, it is found that the high stress concentration is located at the cortical bone region rather than at the cancellous bone region. Although the general stress patterns are similar, the PS thread shape design and the thread fillet radius may significantly affect on the magnitude and location of maximum stress concentration.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116243340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPHT Equipment Stress Intensity Calculation Based Upon the API 579/ASME FFS and ABAQUS J Integral Fracture Mechanics Basis","authors":"Jong-Il Lim, Young-Hoon Han","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93924","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fatigue sensitive pressure containing components in the oil & gas industry requires a life cycle assessment. High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) equipment designed using API 17TR8 and ASME Section VIII Division 3 are evaluated for cyclic fatigue crack growth per API 579/ASME FFS-1 fitness for service level 3 assessment. The level 3 assessment requires more advanced stress analysis to define the state of stress at critical locations and a defined initial flaw for cycle growth assessment. The cyclic crack growth in pressure containing equipment depends on the alternating crack tip stress intensity values for the defined load histogram. Therefore, in this paper, the stress intensity at crack tip is calculated using two approaches for 20ksi pressure equipment. The first approach is to utilize linear elastic stresses obtained from a three-dimensional finite element evaluation, where the stress profiles are used as an input to Signal FFS (fitness for service) Quest software, to calculate stress intensity at crack tip. The second approach utilizes a J-integral based on fracture mechanics analysis considering a pressure penetration on cracked surfaces. Although there is a difficulty in representing the complete production load histogram applying the J-integral solution, this paper provides evaluation of the two methods for comparison of results. It also demonstrates the feasibility of application to pressure vessel equipment.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122277140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of Piping Ratcheting Experiments Using Advanced Plane-Stress Cyclic Elastoplasticity Models","authors":"K. Chatziioannou, Yuner Huang, S. Karamanos","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93507","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Industrial steel piping components are often subjected to severe cyclic loading conditions which introduce large inelastic strains and can lead to low-cycle fatigue. Modeling of their structural response requires the simulation of material behavior under strong repeated loading, associated with large strain amplitudes of alternate sign. Accurate numerical predictions of low-cycle fatigue depend strongly on the selection of cyclic-plasticity model in terms of its ability to predict accurately strain at critical location and its accumulation (referred to as “ratcheting”). It also depends on the efficient numerical integration of the material model within a finite element environment.\u0000 In the context of von Mises metal plasticity, the implementation of an implicit numerical integration scheme for predicting the cyclic response of piping components is presented herein, suitable for large-scale structural computations. The constitutive model is formulated explicitly for shell-type (plane-stress) components, suitable for efficient analysis of piping components whereas the numerical scheme has been developed in a unified manner, allowing for the consideration of a wide range of hardening rules, which are capable of describing accurately strain ratcheting.\u0000 The numerical scheme is implemented in a general-purpose finite element software as a material-user subroutine, with the purpose of analyzing a set of large-scale physical experiments on elbow specimens undergoing constant-amplitude in-plane cyclic bending. The accuracy of three advanced constitutive models in predicting the elbow response, in terms of both global structural response and local strain amplitude/accumulation, is validated by direct comparison of numerical results with experimental data, highlighting some key issues associated with the accurate simulation of multiaxial ratcheting phenomena. The very good comparison between numerical and experimental results, indicates that the present numerical methodology and, in particular, its implementation into a finite element environment, can be used for the reliable prediction of mechanical response of industrial piping elbows, under severe inelastic repeated loading.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114071955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ageing on Residual Stresses in a Girth Welded Stainless Steel 316 L Pipe","authors":"R. J. Coulthard, M. Mostafavi, C. Truman","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93289","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Residual stresses within welded components can redistribute when exposed to high temperatures and large levels of loading. The ageing process for a specimen attempts to replicate the temperature regime experienced during typical service use of the component, redistributing stresses from the as-welded condition to post-ageing. The aim of this investigation was to study the effects of ageing on weld residual stress redistribution and to evaluate the changes in the residual stress profiles before and after the pipe had been aged.\u0000 In this investigation the through thickness residual stresses within a narrow gap girth TIG welded stainless steel 316L pipe were measured. The ageing of the pipe specimen involved heating to 400°C for 3000 hours. To measure residual stress the incremental Deep-Hole Drilling (iDHD) method was employed; two measurements were taken, once before and after ageing.\u0000 Analysis of the measured pre and post-ageing residual stresses showed a consistent reduction in the magnitude of approximately 50 MPa, corresponding to the change in the yield stress of the material at room and elevated (400°C) temperatures; the maximum residual stress, of 450 MPa, was measured at 4 mm from the external surface of the pipe.","PeriodicalId":174920,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 27th Annual Student Paper Competition; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}