{"title":"Nuisible ou gibier? Une analyse économique de la chasse des grands animaux en France","authors":"Carole Ropars-Collet, P. Goffe","doi":"10.3406/reae.2011.2363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2011.2363","url":null,"abstract":"L’augmentation des populations de grands gibiers en France, notamment le sanglier, a eu pour consequence une augmentation des dommages collectifs. Pour autant, cette espece n’est pas consideree uniquement comme nuisible puisqu’elle est valorisee par la pratique de la chasse. L’article se propose de caracteriser l’optimum collectif en mobilisant le cadre de l’economie des ressources naturelles. La densite optimale des populations de gibier est definie a partir d’un modele bioeconomique, qui prend en compte l’ensemble des couts et benefices afferents a la chasse et a la presence de gibier. Elle est comparee a celle qui correspond a l’optimum des chasseurs avec droits de propriete sur la ressource, puis a la « tragedie des communs ». Ce cadre analytique permet une interpretation economique de l’evolution de la chasse en France et du contexte institutionnel et legislatif. Le modele developpe permet ensuite de discuter des politiques cynegetiques a mettre en place et des recommandations en matiere d’instrumentation economique de ces politiques.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132170783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do urban African dwellers pay a premium for food quality and, if so, how much ? An investigation of the Malian fonio grain market","authors":"S. Dury, Véronique Meuriot","doi":"10.3406/reae.2010.1995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2010.1995","url":null,"abstract":"Very little data is available concerning the valuation of quality on existing food markets in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using data collected from a survey of fonio (a cereal) retail markets conducted in Bamako, Mali, Africa and a hedonic price Partial Least Square regression method, this study shows that most quality attributes declared as important by consumers have a specific hedonic price that is different from zero. This is interpreted as a result of the efficient performance of so-called traditional informal markets. Among the valued attributes, some are physical (colour, degree of milling) and thus relatively easy to assess, while the assessment of others (category or country of origin) are more complicated for both parties to the transaction. These attributes, however, also have specific hedonic prices. Informal norms and a certain amount of trust are thus present in these markets and should not be underestimated. The inclusion of buyer characteristics in the model is justified by the differences in bargaining power, which are essentially linked with different levels of experience buying or using the product. We showed that women were getting better prices for the same product quality. The premiums paid for quality varied from 1 to 14% of the price. These estimates have confirmed the other few estimates done in African food markets.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134277907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"L’envers de la « ville aymara ». Migration rurale, mobilité intra urbaine et mobilisations politiques à El Alto (Bolivie)","authors":"F. Poupeau","doi":"10.3406/reae.2011.1869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2011.1869","url":null,"abstract":"L’entree en politique du monde rural en Bolivie est souvent analysee au prisme de la ville de El Alto, incarnation de la « ville rebelle », qui serait peuplee de migrants issus des communautes aymaras de l’Altiplano. Cette vision d’un monde rural transposant en milieu urbain ses traditions de lutte et ses formes collectives d’organisation ne sert pas seulement a expliquer l’explosion demographique de la ville, mais aussi les mobilisations politiques contre la privatisation des ressources naturelles et des services de base qui y ont eu lieu. Cet article vise a questionner le schema interpretatif de la migration rurale. L’argumentation s’appuiera sur une enquete menee a propos des inegalites d’acces a l’eau a El Alto, qui revelent des aspirations urbaines en termes de styles de vie. Cette analyse des inegalites socio-spatiales d’acces a l’eau, combinant ethnographie des quartiers populaires, cartographie des donnees statistiques et diffusion d’un questionnaire aupres d’un echantillon representatif des residents des zones peripheriques, permettra de mettre en evidence l’importance des strategies familiales d’installation dans les zones peripheriques en expansion. Il s’agira de developper une perspective sociologique sur les transformations recentes de l’espace urbain, en montrant les effets des transformations morphologiques sur les rapports sociaux et, en particulier, sur les positionnements identitaires et politiques. L’enquete revele alors l’envers de la « ville aymara » a travers l’importance des principes d’identification territoriaux, des aspirations urbaines et des mobilisations pour les services de base qu’elles sont susceptibles de generer.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131121829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les Trente Glorieuses aveyronnaises, ou la mise en pratique du modèle de la famille souche","authors":"S. Rogers","doi":"10.3406/reae.2008.1950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2008.1950","url":null,"abstract":"Une enquete ethnographique et historique couvrant la seconde moitie du XIXe siecle et le XXe siecle fait apparaitre l’evolution contre-intuitive d’un type d’organisation des maisonnees dans une commune agricole aveyronnaise : l’organisation en familles souches « traditionnelles » s’accroit fortement pendant le deuxieme tiers du XXe siecle, alors que la commune connait une prosperite et une integration croissante aux institutions francaises. L’analyse de ce cas particulier conduit a remettre en cause un certain nombre de presupposes concernant la relation entre modele et pratiques, mais aussi entre tradition et modernite, particularites locales et integration nationale : c’est notamment du fait d’un recours singulier aux institutions nationales que le modele de la famille souche s’est pleinement realise. Et ce sont les conditions de sa mise en pratique massive qui faillirent faire s’ecrouler le modele dans les decennies 1960- 70, et non l’impossibilite de le realiser.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126068610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Bourdieu, M. Menéndez, Gilles Postel-Vinay, Akiko Suwa‐Eisenmann
{"title":"Where have (almost) all the wealthy gone? Spatial decomposition of wealth trends in France, 1820-1939","authors":"J. Bourdieu, M. Menéndez, Gilles Postel-Vinay, Akiko Suwa‐Eisenmann","doi":"10.3406/reae.2008.2085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2008.2085","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the evolution of wealth distribution in France during the urbanization process of the nineteenth century, based on a comprehensive dataset of individual inheritances. It presents a spatial decomposition between rural and urban areas, distinguishing Paris from other cities. We use a non-parametric approach based on wealth density functions. Changes in the level of wealth explained most of the spatial evolution of wealth during 1820-1939; at the turn of the century however, the effect of urbanization on wealth distribution increased gradually.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125045899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risques sanitaires globaux et politiques nationales : la gestion de la grippe aviaire au Vietnam","authors":"Muriel Figuié, T. Fournier","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.207716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.207716","url":null,"abstract":"[paper in French] Our societies are facing risks for which international organizations such as the WHO, OIE, FAO call for a new international health governance. This paper aims at analyzing the confrontation between this international governance and national specificities. Our analysis is based on empirical research conducted in Vietnam in 2008, on avian influenza (H5N1). It focuses on the period beginning with the first outbreaks in 2003 and ending in 2008. We highlight two phases in H5N1 management by the Vietnamese authorities: a first phase based on past experiences (i.e. SARS) and related to national issues such as the consolidation of the central power in relation to provincial authorities; a second phase more in line with international governance principles and devoted to diplomatic issues such as WTO membership. This analysis concludes that international health governance should not underestimate the complexity of local situations, that taking into account national cultures of risk should not ignore local dynamics, and that focusing on constraints should not mask opportunities associated to risks.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129917168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Poids et régimes alimentaires en Europe","authors":"Thibaut de Saint Pol","doi":"10.3406/reae.2010.1920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2010.1920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127865050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les inspecteurs vétérinaires face aux normes privées","authors":"L. Bonnaud, J. Coppalle","doi":"10.3406/reae.2009.1981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2009.1981","url":null,"abstract":"L’article analyse comment le metier d’inspecteur veterinaire pour la securite sanitaire des aliments evolue avec l’entree en vigueur du « Paquet hygiene » en Europe, d’une part, et la mise sous assurance qualite des services veterinaires, d’autre part. Le « Paquet hygiene » constitue la nouvelle reference juridique de l’intervention des inspecteurs : il a la particularite d’accorder une place centrale a la production par les industriels de leurs propres normes techniques, selon le systeme HACCP. La norme ISO 17020, pour sa part, est une norme organisationnelle, d’application volontaire, initialement pensee pour l’entreprise. L’inspection veterinaire en a fait le ressort de la modernisation de son action depuis 2002. Conduite dans deux departements, notre enquete met en evidence comment les pratiques, l’organisation du travail et les relations entre inspecteurs et inspectes sont redefinies par ces evolutions et que l’accumulation de nouvelles normes reglementaires et organisationnelles entraine l’emergence d’injonctions contradictoires pour les agents au travail.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"752 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132868474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les éleveurs et leurs voisins. Etude du renouvellement des rhétoriques professionnelles d'une profession contestée","authors":"C. Granjou, I. Mauz","doi":"10.3406/reae.2009.1969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2009.1969","url":null,"abstract":"[paper in French] Today’s farmers are facing growing criticism about their activities, around questions of pollution, sanitary affairs, climatic change or animal welfare, non-professional actors promoting their own definitions of what farming activities should be – or should not be. This particular situation provides a good opportunity to explore the new professional discourses developed by a contested profession, fostered to re-elaborate the sense of its activities. Based on a survey in a rural mountain community, we present the criticisms addressed to cattle farmers by non-farmers in the village, which stress problems about land ownership, manure management, and pasture maintenance. We highlight two types of professional discourse developed by cattle farmers in response to the criticisms: The first one combines a victimisation figure with the threat of giving up the job; the second one claims responsibility and anticipation of the non-farmers’ demands, as far as technical constraints make this anticipation possible.","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131634566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relations de pouvoir et régulations extra-locales dans l'adaptation des systèmes agroalimentaires au contexte de mondialisation. Une étude de cas France/Espagne","authors":"Juan R. Gallego-Bono, Annie Lamanthe","doi":"10.3406/reae.2009.1968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reae.2009.1968","url":null,"abstract":"[paper in French] This article focuses on the issue of how “old agro-food systems” are evolving in the context of globalisation. They are facing specific problems such as a decreasing competitiveness due to the facts that the assets on which their economic success relied in the past are now inefficient. The article provides analyses based on a comparison between two case studies: the Comunidad Valenciana’s citrus fruit production, in Spain, and the fruit and vegetable production in the South East of France (Provence). Although they are comparable in many aspects, the two systems have followed different ways in the recent years. The comparison underlines the strong role played by two main factors in this differentiation: the power relationship between economic actors (producers and wholesalers), the national institutional framework","PeriodicalId":170092,"journal":{"name":"Revue d’études en Agriculture et Environnement","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129718823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}