{"title":"A Parallel Dual-Task Learning Network for InSAR Phase Retrieval","authors":"Xu Zhan, Xiaoling Zhang, Xiangdong Ma, Jun Shi, Shunxin Zheng, Jiaping Chen, Shunjun Wei, Tianjiao Zeng","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149761","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses on the problem of InSAR phase retrieval. Current methods consist of two cascaded tasks: phase filtering and phase unwrapping. Unavoidable accumulated errors cause precision loss, and serial computations cause efficiency loss. We propose a parallel dual-task learning work to address these issues for high-quality and efficient InSAR phase retrieval. Methodologically, we retrieve the InSAR phase in a parallel manner instead of a serially cascaded one. Specifically, three core phases throughout the whole processing chain are considered, including feature attraction, task learning, and task balance. First, for feature attraction, considering the InSAR image characteristics, we propose a hybrid Trans-Encoder module to attract features locally and nonlocally. Second, regarding the dual-task needs for feature learning, we propose a dual-decoder to denoise and unwrap parallelly. Third, considering the dual-task's different attributes for task balance, we propose an uncertainty-weighted loss to make balances between tasks. Experiments on both simulated and measured data verify the proposed method's higher precision and efficiency compared to other methods. An ability study is conducted that confirms the effectiveness of the proposed modules.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"27 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131048207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aubry, P. Babu, A. De Maio, Ghania Fatima, Nitesh Sahu
{"title":"A Robust Framework to Design Optimal Radar Deployment for Range-Based Target Localization Technique","authors":"A. Aubry, P. Babu, A. De Maio, Ghania Fatima, Nitesh Sahu","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149644","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the problem of designing the optimal positions of monostatic radars composing a multiplatform network is pursued. Leveraging the CRB of the target position based on radar range measurements, two different figures of merit (independent of the actual target location) are considered. Unlike the state-of-the-art techniques, which usually rely on the restrictive assumption that the target is at the center of the sensing region and study the determination of the optimal angular orientation of the nodes, a new approach to design the optimal radar deployment (without knowing target location) is developed. Specifically, a region where the target is likely to be present is considered and either the trace of the CRB averaged over the grid points sampling the surveillance area (shortly average CRB), or the maximum trace of CRB over the mentioned grid points (shortly worst-case CRB) is minimized. Hence, an optimization framework based on block majorization-minimization (referred to as block-MM) is proposed to deal with the formulated resource allocation problems. Remarkably, regardless of the considered figures of merit, the design objective decreases monotonically along the iteration steps of the proposed algorithm. The developed methodology can also efficiently handle the case of nonuniform measurement noise. Finally, via numerical simulations, the effectiveness of the developed methods is shown.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123520834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Subspace Estimation in Radar Signal Processing","authors":"K. Adhikari, R. Vaccaro, Ridhab K. Al Kinani","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149565","url":null,"abstract":"Many space-time adaptive signal processing algorithms rely on the estimates of the bases of signal and noise subspaces. Traditionally, these bases' estimates are formed using singular vectors of the data matrix or eigenvectors of the sample covariance matrix. These estimates are not very accurate and their use in subspace-based algorithms yield high errors. We present bases' estimates that are optimal to first order term in the noise matrix. The use of the first order optimal bases leads to significant improvement in the outcomes of subspace-based signal processing algorithms.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117249294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Raei, M. Alaee-Kerahroodi, B. M. R., B. Ottersten
{"title":"Compensating Power Amplifier Distortions on Radar Signals via Waveform Design","authors":"E. Raei, M. Alaee-Kerahroodi, B. M. R., B. Ottersten","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149753","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to study the distortion effect of Power Amplifiers (PAs) on radar waveforms in terms of Integrated Sidelobe Level in Single Input and Single Output (SISO) radar systems. To this end, we consider Memory Polynomial (MP) model as behavior of the PA which considers both non-linearity and memory distortions. Then, we consider minimizing the auto-correlation of the PA output in the baseband as a design metric for compensating the distortion effect of the PA. In this regard, we proposed an algorithm based on Coordinate Descent (CD) method to design an M-ary Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) waveform, which is a discrete phase waveform. Finally, in the numerical results, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method and compare it with Digital Predistortion (DPD) method as a conventional approach for compensating the distortion effect of PA.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125992703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haobo Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Boya Di, Zhu Han, Lingyang Song
{"title":"Holographic Radar: Optimal Beamformer Design for Detection Accuracy Maximization","authors":"Haobo Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Boya Di, Zhu Han, Lingyang Song","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149724","url":null,"abstract":"As an emerging antenna technique, reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) have drawn much attention recently as a promising solution to enable future radar systems with stringent power and cost requirements. In this paper, we propose RHS-empowered holographic radar, where two RHSs serve as transmit and receive antennas to detect a far-field target. Due to the simple and low-cost structure of metamaterial elements in the RHS, the holographic radar is able to achieve satisfactory detection performance at a smaller cost and power consumption compared with a traditional phased array radar. To maximize the detection accuracy of a holographic radar, a closed-form beamformer expression with the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is derived in order to fully exploit the benefit of incorporating RHSs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the global optimal beamformer design for RHSs. Simulation results also verify the superiority of the proposed scheme for holographic radar.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"45 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126132797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HA-SARSD: An Effective SAR Ship detector via the Hybrid Attention Residual Module","authors":"Nanjing Yu, H. Ren, Tianmin Deng, Xiaobiao Fan","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149642","url":null,"abstract":"The all-day and all-weather characteristics of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images make them be widely applied in the maritime monitoring field. Recently, convolution neural networks-based (CNNs) SAR ship detection algorithms are hot research topics. However, owing to the indistinctive ship features and complex backgrounds, outstanding feature extraction ability is required. Moreover, it is challenging to balance the detection effect and the inference speed. Therefore, a novel hybrid attention-synthetic aperture radar ships detector (HA-SARSD) based on the You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) is proposed in this paper. The local hybrid attention residual module (LHARM) is designed to optimize the feature extraction ability. Owing to the abundant channels in the deep-level feature, LHARM is developed in the fifth layer of HA-SARSD. Experimental results on Large-Scale SAR Ship Detection Dataset-v1.0 (LS-SSDD-v1.0) and SSDD datasets show that HA-SARSD optimizes the SAR ship feature extraction ability and obtains the balance of detection effect and speed.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130753259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minglong Deng, Haoqi Wu, Ziyang Cheng, Jiaheng Wang, Zishu He
{"title":"Matched Filtering Performance Analysis for Massive MIMO Radar with One-Bit Quantization","authors":"Minglong Deng, Haoqi Wu, Ziyang Cheng, Jiaheng Wang, Zishu He","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149768","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the performance of matched filtering (MF) for massive MIMO radar with one-bit ADCs. Firstly, we show that in the context of white Gaussian noise, the MF output of one-bit quantized received signals of mas-sive MIMO radar is asymptotically Gaussian. Then, statistical characteristics, including mean and covariance matrix, of the MF output are derived, respectively. More importantly, using the fact that massive MIMO radar has a large number of measurements (i.e., the number of samples in space/frequency/time domains), we provide approximate probabilistic distribution of the MF output, which is capable of making the signal processing algorithms of one-bit MIMO radar low in complexity. Moreover, based on the above approximations, the performance gap between one-bit and traditional infinite-bit MIMO radars is mathematically derived. Finally, from the perspective of target detection and beamforming, representative simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of massive MIMO radar with one-bit ADCs.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"19 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120921716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study of Practical Radar-based Nighttime Respiration Monitoring at Home","authors":"Yindong Hua, Zongxing Xie, Fan Ye","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149560","url":null,"abstract":"Radar-based solutions support practical and longitudinal respiration monitoring owing to their non-invasive nature. Nighttime respiration monitoring at home provides rich and high-quality data, mostly free of motion disturbances because the user is quasi-stationary during sleep, and 6–8 hours per day rather than tens of minutes, promising for longitudinal studies. However, most existing work was conducted in laboratory environments for short periods, thus the environment, user motions, and postures can differ significantly from those in real homes. To understand how to obtain quality, overnight respiration data in real homes, we conduct a thorough experimental study with 6 participants of various sleep postures over 9 nights in 4 real-home testbeds, each configured with 3–4 sensors around the bed. We first compare the performance among four typical sensor placements around the bed to understand which is the optimal location for high quality data. Then we explore methods to track range bins with high quality signals as occasional user motions change the distance thus signal qualities, and different aspects of amplitude and phase data to further improve the signal quality using metrics of the periodicity-to-noise ratio (PNR) and end-to-end (e2e) accuracy. The experiments demonstrate that the sensor placement is a vital factor, and the bedside is an optimal choice considering both accuracy and ease of deployment (2.65 bpm error at 80 percentile), also consistent among four typical sleep postures. We also observe that, a proper range bin selection method can improve the PNR by 2 dB at 75-percentile, and e2e accuracy by 0.9 bpm at 80-percentile. Both amplitude and phase data have comparable e2e accuracy, while phase is more sensitive to motions thus suitable for nighttime movement detection. Based on these discoveries, we develop a few simple practical guidelines useful for the community to achieve high quality, longitudinal home-based overnight respiration monitoring.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123887071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved Implementation of the Frequency Hopped Code Selection DFRC Scheme","authors":"E. Aboutanios, William Baxter, Yimin D. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149725","url":null,"abstract":"Dual-function radar-communications (DRFC) strategies aim to embed communication symbols into the radar waveforms, which serve to alleviate the spectrum congestion problem. In this context, frequency-hopping code selection (FHCS) has been proposed as an effective DFRC approach in frequency-hopped multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. FHCS encodes the communication symbols through the selection from the available hops of the subset of hops to be assigned to the waveforms in each chip. In this manner, FHCS applies information embedding in the fast-time, thereby greatly increasing the achievable bit rate at the expense of increased impact on the radar performance. In this work, we propose an enhanced version of the FHCS scheme that ameliorates the resulting ambiguity function, thus improving the radar performance. Furthermore, we present a practical implementation scheme that employs a greedy divide-and-conquer approach. The performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated using simulations and the benefits to the radar ambiguity function are demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":168311,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122392413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}