{"title":"Optical Properties of Nano-circuits for Metallic and Non-Metallic Nanoparticles","authors":"Maryam Liaqat","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.46","url":null,"abstract":"Optical properties of the nanoparticles can be studied theoretically by using the lumped electronic components. The particles having >0 behaved as capacitor whereas for <0 had inductor properties on the other hand the electric field perpendicular to the components then the properties of series combinations dominates and vice versa. A first principles electronic structure based method is presented to determine the equivalent circuit representations of nanostructured physical systems at optical frequencies, via a mapping of the effective permittivity calculated for a lattice of physical nano-elements using density functional theory to that calculated for a lattice of impedances using circuit theory. Specifically, it is shown that silicon nanowires and carbon nanotubes can be represented as series combinations of inductance, capacitance and resistance. It is anticipated that the generality of this approach will allow for an alternate description of physical systems at optical frequencies, and in the realization of novel opto and nanoelectronic devices, including negative refractive index materials.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76645513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ahmad, M. Shoaib, H. Abbas, S. H. Bukhari, U. Nissar, Jamshaid Alam Khan
{"title":"A Study on the Physical Properties of SmMn2O5 Multiferroics by the Doping of Transition Metals","authors":"J. Ahmad, M. Shoaib, H. Abbas, S. H. Bukhari, U. Nissar, Jamshaid Alam Khan","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.45","url":null,"abstract":"The polycrystalline SmMn1.8B0.2O5 (B = Fe, Cr, Co, and Ni) have been synthesized by using the sol-gel auto combustion technique sintered at 9500C. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction at room temperature which shows that all the samples are single phase because no secondary peaks were observed in the process of fitting by JANA 2006. All materials have an orthorhombic structure with a space group of Pbam. By changing the elements of the B-site with the same proportion, the variation in the lattice parameters and volume is described briefly and compared with other RMn2O5 multiferroics. The temperature-dependent electrical measurements were performed to calculate the activation energy and Arrhenius plot which show that all materials have semiconducting nature.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90871919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Manshah, Rana Aamir Raza, Saadia Ajmal, Urooj Pasha, Asghar Ali
{"title":"An Efficient Swarm based Feature Selection Technique using Random Weight Neural Network","authors":"Muhammad Manshah, Rana Aamir Raza, Saadia Ajmal, Urooj Pasha, Asghar Ali","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.49","url":null,"abstract":"Feature selection (FS) is one of the most important pre-processing tasks in machine learning (ML) and data mining, that selects optimum features by eliminating noisy and irrelevant features from the data; to improve the generalization ability of a learning model (i.e., classifier). During the classification process, data with high dimensional feature space requires different optimization techniques to obtain better predictive performance. In this paper we present a swarm intelligence based technique called binary artificial bee colony (Binary-ABC) to obtain optimum feature subset. Different binary and multiclass datasets are utilized to evaluate the performance of our proposed technique. Experimental results show that our technique provides better generalization ability with random weight neural network (RWNN), when compare with other ML classifiers.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90194525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Liaqat, Ayesha Younas, I. Rasheed, Saher Jabeen, Zunaira Hashmi, K. Arshad, A. Raza
{"title":"Raman Spectroscopy used for Cartonides Analysis: Nutrients in Eatables to Enhance Natural Immunity Against Cancer","authors":"M. Liaqat, Ayesha Younas, I. Rasheed, Saher Jabeen, Zunaira Hashmi, K. Arshad, A. Raza","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.38","url":null,"abstract":"Raman spectroscopy (RS) is simple stable efficient diagnostic tool for body fluids, tissues and other biomolecules. Carotenoids play a key role in protecting the cell damage by viral bacterial diseases. Vegetables are carotenoid enriched. No standard data is available for carotenoids concentration in non-vegetable eatables. Presently, RS is used to compare the blood and plasma of different animals like sheep, goat and buffalo consumed by human. Beta carotene is first time investigated for eatable animals. The 16 peaks were analyzed with RS within the range of 600-1700 cm-1 for carotenoid peaks by comparing with database available for human samples. This research was done to get the source of carotenoid to enhance the natural immunity by eatable goods.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81078270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distinctive Computational Approaches for Solution of Energy Optimization of Particles","authors":"N. Akhter, Laraib Asghar, Sobia Arbab, F. Batool","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.37","url":null,"abstract":"The “Thomson problem’ is used to determine the minimum energy configuration of electrons on the sphere’ s surface. We turned this difficulty into an optimization problem, which we addressed with the help of intelligent computational techniques like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO). To enhance the system’s global searching ability, a Quantum behaved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is designed. The Thomson’s problem is investigated and appraised, and has fewer parameters to govern, according to simulation data. In this work QPSO is extremely effective and successful at delivering near- optimal results, as we compared the results with Genetic Algorithm and PSO.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80232983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Batool, A. Mehmood, A. Ahmad Shah, A. Chandio, F. Batool, R. Shafique, N. Akhter, Tahira Yaqoob
{"title":"Facile Chemical Synthesis of Cadmium and Neodymium doped Copper Chromite by Sol gel Method","authors":"K. Batool, A. Mehmood, A. Ahmad Shah, A. Chandio, F. Batool, R. Shafique, N. Akhter, Tahira Yaqoob","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.36","url":null,"abstract":"Using a simple and inexpensive sol-gel synthesis technique, Nd and Cd doped copper chromite spinel nanoparticles (MxCu1-xCr2O4) with x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 were investigated. The crystal structure, elemental composition, nanoparticles nature, and bandgap of the synthesized nanoparticles were determined using XRD, EDS, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and Photoluminescence. As prepared calcined at 750°C for four hours, resulting in an increase in average grain size from 37nm to 41nm, as demonstrated by XRD results. XRD tells us about the crystal size and dislocation density of samples. The value of 2???? for the XRD patterns is ranging from 25 to 55 . The band gap is calculated from the PL spectra and is 4.96 eV for the parent compound. When we doped elements with different concentrations in parent compound, the value of band gap decreases to 2.43 eV for Neodymium and 2.42eV for Cadmium. Similarly, SEM results show that the structure of pure copper chromites is tetragonal, and that after doping with other compounds, the structure will change according to the characteristics of Nano particles. In the PL spectra, four peaks are obtained: one at 347nm, one at 380nm, one at 500nm, and one at 600nm.EDS demonstrated that Cadmium and Neodymium was successfully doped in copper chromite and completely merged","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90652001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Batool, A. Mehmood, A. Ahmad Shah, A. Chandio, R. Shafique, Tahira Yaqoob, N. Akhtar, M. Bukhari
{"title":"Sintering and property characterization of Copper doped Strontium Chromite by Sol gel method","authors":"K. Batool, A. Mehmood, A. Ahmad Shah, A. Chandio, R. Shafique, Tahira Yaqoob, N. Akhtar, M. Bukhari","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.35","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the synthesis of spinel copper Chromites (CuCr2O4) and doped Strontium copper chromite Nano-Crystalline using the sol gel method. The sample was calcined at various temperatures, including 750°C for the best results. Citric acid is a substance used to keep Nanoparticles from clumping together. The average particle size of nanoparticles was determined using powder x-ray diffraction, which revealed that as the sintered temperature is raised, the crystal size increases from 37 nm to 47 nm more. The sample was sintered at 750?C in furnace for 4 hours resulting in an increase in average grain size from 37nm to 47 nm measured using scanning Electron microscopy. The (124) phase of copper chromate having reference number 34-0424 JCPDS number obtained at 750°C with lattice parameter values 6.03?A and 7.8?A. The crystallite size is estimated to be between 37 and 47 nanometers. Similarly, SEM results show that the structure of pure copper chromites is tetragonal, and that after doping with other compounds, the structure will change according to the characteristics of Nano particles. In the PL spectra, four peaks are obtained: one at 347nm, one at 380nm, one at 500nm, and one at 600nm The EDX reading demonstrates that all of the required elements are present in the sample, with no additional impurity peaks. This demonstrates that this is a pure and successful synthesis. This also demonstrates that this is my unique and original work.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"18 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83876331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allah Ditta Khalid, N. Rehman, S. Iqbal, S. Buzdar, M. Ahmad
{"title":"Structural, optical and cytotoxic behavior of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and its nanocomposites with zinc oxide","authors":"Allah Ditta Khalid, N. Rehman, S. Iqbal, S. Buzdar, M. Ahmad","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.34","url":null,"abstract":"Different metallic oxide nanoparticles showed cytotoxicity against various types of cancerous cells. The cytotoxicity mostly depends on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. For that purpose, TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles have been synthesized by chemical route. Additionally, the ZnO was deposited on TiO2 to prepare nanocomposites ZnO@TiO2 .The Prepared nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized for their structural, morphological, optical and cytotoxicity behaviour by using techniques by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–Visible spectroscopy and ROS generation .Their structural properties indicate the anatase phase of TiO2 while ZnO formed has shown hexagonal wurtzite structure. The SEM images showed that TiO2 NPs are formed in very small and uniform spherical morphology while ZnO formed in the form of small nanorods. Both types of morphology are visible in the ZnO@TiO2 nanocomposites as well. The optical energy band gap values show the reduction in the band gap of TiO2 when it’s composite has been made with ZnO nanorods. The anticancer activity was checked through ROS generation, MTT assay was used for this purpose. The results show almost uniform ROS generation in case of TiO2 and ZnO nanostructures but it shows a reduction in ROS generation in case of ZnO@TiO2 nanocomposites. This result may be related to the less available surface area for the individual particles of one type for ROS generation","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83116053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ahmad, Asia Azhar, U. Nissar, S. H. Bukhari, Jamshaid Alam Khan, H. Abbas
{"title":"Impact of Yttrium doping on the physical properties of ErMn2O5","authors":"J. Ahmad, Asia Azhar, U. Nissar, S. H. Bukhari, Jamshaid Alam Khan, H. Abbas","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.44","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated the structural and electrical properties of perovskite system Er1-xYxMn2O5 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) synthesized by sol gel method. The structural behavior is probed by the single phase formation of the compositions and orthorhombic symmetry confirmed by X-ray diffraction Rietvield analysis. The electrical behavior of the system is explained in terms of dc temperature dependent electrical resisitivity and Mott variable range hoping (VRH) which supports the semicondicting behavior and P-type polaronic conduction above room temperature.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72791843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlling of Home Devices by using MTMF Technique without using IC","authors":"Usama Ayub, Muhammad Habib ur Rehman Quamar khan","doi":"10.52700/jn.v2i2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.43","url":null,"abstract":"The idea behind our study is to develop a system that would control our home electrical devices wirelessly by using a cellphone. Nowadays advancement in technology has made home automation as one of the emerging trends in modernization of controlling home devices. Conventionally all the home electrical devices are controlled via switches which utilizes the manual work and human effort. As the world is modernizing day by day so the cellular communication has given us a chance to control home appliances automatically from any place wirelessly. The proposed system will utilize the use of DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequency) technique present in cellphones to produce MTMF (Multiple Tone Multiple Frequency) technique for our algorithm designed in MATLAB. This system provides controlling of home appliances through mobile phone by dialing a particular number and the digital output would be generated by DTMF and MTMF by receiving the command from cell phone. Hence the proposed system will meet the demand of people by providing them control of their home devices wirelessly from any place. Thus, the developed system reduces the human effort and the living environment will be more comfortable and satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":16381,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN)","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87824809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}