{"title":"Fast acquisition PLL synthesizer using parallel N-stage cycle swallower (NSCS)","authors":"T. Saba, D. Park, S. Mori","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379565","url":null,"abstract":"A phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer with an N-stage cycle swallower (NSCS) is one of the fastest frequency switching synthesizers, but the use of the NSCS results in high power consumption and phase noise in the UHF band. This paper elucidates these problems and proposes a fast-acquisition PLL synthesizer using a novel type of NSCS with low power consumption and low phase noise. Experimental results confirm that the use of a parallel NSCS and a prescalar results in greatly reduced power consumption and phase noise.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116757863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Block demodulation-an overview","authors":"E. Biglieri, E. Bogani, M. Visintin","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379618","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the use of block demodulation, or multi-symbol detection, in receivers for digital transmission. After reviewing the rationale behind it, we examine its performance for intersymbol-interference channels and for differential and double-differential detection of PSK.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122939291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Signal design for approximately synchronized CDMA system without co-channel interference using pseudo-periodic sequences","authors":"N. Suehiro","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379552","url":null,"abstract":"A signal design is proposed for a CDMA system that is approximately synchronized. The signals are called pseudo-periodic sequences. The set of pseudo-periodic polyphase sequences are introduced from a set of periodic polyphase sequences with ideal autocorrelation for small shifts and zero crosscorrelation for all shifts. The system works without co-channel interference, even when the signals are modulated by data. The number of sequences can be infinite, so the security of the channel is very good, when the sequences are assigned secretly. Data assigning methods for signals are also proposed by designing codewords using \"coded addition of sequences\" or modulated orthogonal sequences.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128887404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A signal processing ASIC for an all digital spread spectrum modem for power line communications","authors":"K. Dostert","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379564","url":null,"abstract":"Through the use of spread spectrum techniques low voltage electrical power distribution networks become reliable and universal digital data links. After a short review of appropriate signalling schemes the paper will outline the basic ideas leading to the construction of an ASIC. It is shown that this step has to be taken because the use of general purpose digital signal processors (DSP) is neither feasible nor cost-effective. The design of the transmitter section into an ASIC is relatively easy. An inexpensive counter with a reset-to-zero feature operates as the core element for precise and fast signal synthesis. Signal selection and timing control are performed by an on-board microcontroller. The solution for receiver signal processing is more complicated. A fast signal processing front end is needed which does correlation operations based on a MAC structure (multiply and accumulate). The mentioned on-board microcontroller performs bit decision, serial data transfer as well as timing and control functions. Investigations revealed that a word length of 8 bit is sufficient in the transmitter as well as in the receiver section of a typical power line modem. Finally the ASIC has to contain the following functional blocks: an 8 bit MAC unit with at least four separate 32 bit accumulators, a microcontroller interface, a 9 bit programmable counter, and a clocking and control unit. ASICs according to the outlined scheme were designed and fabricated in spring 1993 using a 0.8 /spl mu/m BiCMOS full custom process. Testing revealed a power consumption of less than 5 mW at the full operating speed of 12 MHz. Half-duplex modems are under construction with different signalling schemes for data rates up to 2400 bits/s. First measurements revealed a bit error rate at typical indoor installations in the range of 10/sup -5/. Further work will concentrate on outdoor applications such as remote meter reading as well as control and supervision of consumer's premises.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125537576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of the direct sequence spread spectrum signals from the global satellite navigation system GLONASS on radio astronomy: problem and proposed solution","authors":"J. Ponsonby","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379558","url":null,"abstract":"The GLONASS satellites use direct sequence spread spectrum with a P-code chip rate of 5.11 MHz. On their L1 channels near 1600 MHz they also carry a 0.511 MHz chip rate C/A-code. The satellites are distinguished by FDMA having carrier frequencies spaced 0.5625 MHz apart. The digital code sequences are used directly to switch the phase of the carriers. This results in an emitted power spectrum of envelope which falls off only as (frequency from the carrier)/sup -2/. This allows the signals to be seen more than /spl plusmn/80 MHz from the carriers. As a result GLONASS is causing unacceptable interference to radio astronomy in the band 1660-1670 MHz and devastating interference in the band 1610.6-1613.8 MHz which was allocated PRIMARY to the radio astronomy service (RAS) at WARC-92. The problem is to achieve EMC between the RAS and GLONASS. It is proposed that one measure to mitigate the impact of GLONASS should be for it to adopt a form of continuous phase modulation (CPM) which would result in its side-bands falling off as (frequency from carrier)/sup -6/. A novel \"proof-of-concept\" 1/100th (in frequency) scale model modulator has been constructed in hardware which produces a simulated GLONASS CPM signal with this property. This type of modulator could find service with other DSSS systems.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127531063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel magic-square codes for hiding DS/SS signals from intercept receivers","authors":"P. Hill, A.M.S. Haisan","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379538","url":null,"abstract":"The interest in operating spread spectrum (SS) modulation systems for quiet or covert co-channel communications is growing rapidly. The military require good low probability of intercept (LPI) performance whilst the civil mobile radio community is actively seeking additional spectrum utilisation efficiency through techniques such as co-channel DS/SS multiple access. Previously reported statistically-based chip coding showed considerable promise in its ability to suitably smear the PSDF of the output from a delay-and-multiply (DM) processing receiver thus hiding the chip-line structure. A novel code set has now been investigated in which DS/SS reference sequences are taken from selected numerical vector components of \"magic square\" arrays. Computer simulation shows that these magic codes produce excellent spectral sidelobe and chip-rate line suppression in a DM receiver. These results are compared with those previously obtained with temporal and/or spectral domain statistical chip code designs.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115840887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A unified approach to time diversity combining for fast frequency hopped NCMFSK","authors":"T. Gulliver, E. Felstead, R. Ezers, J. S. Wight","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379573","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency hopping (FH) spread spectrum is used in communications systems to provide protection against interference such as jamming. With fast FH, there are L/spl ges/1 hops per data symbol transmitted. In the presence of severe interference, additional protection can be obtained by processing the LM values obtained from the demodulator. This processing is termed diversity combining. Many powerful and robust types of diversity combining have been developed to reduce the effects of a large jamming signal on some of the L hops. A survey of combining methods is presented. Simulation performance results are given for severe noise and multitone jamming (SJR=0.0 dB). It is found that bit error rates as high as 0.4 can be reduced to <0.1 for L<10 using any of several diversity combining methods.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"10 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126809894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of multistage detector with one-shot decorrelating type first stage in an asynchronous DS/CDMA system","authors":"M. Juntti","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379604","url":null,"abstract":"Multiuser detection of an asynchronous CDMA system is discussed. The focus is on the use of a multistage detector with a one-shot decorrelating detector as a first stage. The bit error probability formula is presented in a new form in order to simplify computation of numerical examples. The performance is compared with better known detectors for the first time. Improved performance in compared with using conventional first stage or other suboptimum multiuser detectors is observed. Furthermore, the bit error probability is presented as a function of the users' delay difference in some numerical examples.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125162685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An interference suppressor for CW and narrow-band signals using filter bank on CDMA communications","authors":"T. Kohri","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379531","url":null,"abstract":"A novel digital interference suppression method based on Fourier transform has been proposed. Since the frequency power spectrum of CW and narrow band interference signals are larger than that of the spread-spectrum signal, these interference signals can be reduced by limiting the signal level in the frequency domain. The proposed method is composed of FDM/TDM transform using a filter bank and an amplitude limiter adjusted to the spectrum of the spread-spectrum signal. The received signals are divided into separate narrow frequency bands in real time using a frequency function and the amplitude of these signals is limited. This signal processing reduces the interference signals. This paper describes the principle design of the transform circuit and explains the optimum limiting technique. In particular, the proposed digital processing model is compared with the analog processing model which has already been reported. In addition, the adjustment level of the amplitude limiter for the DS and FH spread-spectrum signal is shown. Finally, the improvement in interference suppression using FFT and the optimum limiting limiter is demonstrated with measured the eye pattern of the correlated signal. The performance of this suppressor is shown by measuring the bit error rate in the presence of CW interference signals and Gaussian noise.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128423409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bit error probability for an adaptive diversity receiver in a Rayleigh fading channel","authors":"V. Kaasila, A. Mammela","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1994.379545","url":null,"abstract":"The bit error probability is determined for an adaptive diversity receiver using decision directed feedforward channel estimation. The channel is assumed to be a nonselective Rayleigh fading channel with AWGN. The analysis is valid for all feedforward estimation structures which use an FIR-type estimation filter. The analysis can be applied also to Rake receivers in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. Numerical results are presented for an adaptive diversity receiver which uses either an FIR-type minimum mean-square error (MMSE) filter or a moving average (MA) filter as the estimation filter. The results show that the MA filter performs poorly compared to the MMSE filter at large signal-to-noise ratios and large Doppler spreads. However, at small signal-to-noise ratios and Doppler spreads the filters do not show any remarkable difference in the performance.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158358,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA'94)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130599378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}