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Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants最新文献

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The economics of computer-based training 计算机培训的经济学
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283371
D. Barnes
{"title":"The economics of computer-based training","authors":"D. Barnes","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283371","url":null,"abstract":"A new training technology called computer-based training (CBT), or interactive videodisc (IVD) has been used during the last decade. Many industries have made limited or no use of the technology because of lack of information about the costs involved in a CBT/IVD program. At a nuclear weapons facility operated by the Department of Energy, CBT/IVD has been utilized for nine years. Although it has appeared to be cost-effective, studies have been conducted to document this fact and to predict the cost-effectiveness of a program before it is developed. The author attempts to show the real costs of CBT as well as when it is most cost-effective as a training tool.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115262751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implementation of a maintenance proficiency testing program at the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant 在卡尔弗特悬崖核电站实施维修能力测试计划
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283374
W. Price
{"title":"Implementation of a maintenance proficiency testing program at the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant","authors":"W. Price","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283374","url":null,"abstract":"The Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant recognized a need for a method of evaluating maintenance personnel. Assessing the proficiency levels of personnel required the establishment of an objective, reliable, time-saving, and valid system to evaluate competency. Concurrently, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) had pioneered a process to develop proficiency assessment tests. A cooperative effort was undertaken. The development of proficiency assessment testing of maintenance personnel was performed in a joint effort between Baltimore Gas & Electric and EPRI.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121896053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fitness for duty in the nuclear power industry: the effects of local characteristics 核电行业的适职性:地方特色的影响
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.2172/5069762
S. E. Murphy, T. Fleming
{"title":"Fitness for duty in the nuclear power industry: the effects of local characteristics","authors":"S. E. Murphy, T. Fleming","doi":"10.2172/5069762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5069762","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of local characteristics on the outcomes of drug and alcohol testing at nuclear power plants are examined. Data on testing results from two years of program performance reports from the nuclear industry's fitness-for-duty programs and data on local characteristics from the US census are used in the analysis. Geographical region, outage status, population density, and crime rate are found to influence the proportion of test results that are positive at nuclear power plants. Population density and crime rate are found to increase the relative proportion of all positive test results that are the result of cocaine. Implications for evaluating the results of drug testing in the nuclear industry and in other industries are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114860492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Human factors: one of the key issues for safer nuclear plants 人为因素:安全核电站的关键问题之一
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283343
M. Nobile
{"title":"Human factors: one of the key issues for safer nuclear plants","authors":"M. Nobile","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283343","url":null,"abstract":"Measures undertaken by Ente Nazionale per l'Energia Elettrica (ENEL) to redefine the role of the nuclear power plant operator in times of emergency are discussed. The ENEL approach to the human factors issue is outlined. The regulatory limits for external release are to be met without relying on any operator action during a grace period of 72 hours after an accident initiation. Operators are to be considered as 'intelligent supervisors' rather than 'fast actuators', even if the execution of appropriate actions is not precluded. ENEL is also considering the addition of an overall plant computerized system for future plants, able to maintain under strict control all maintenance activities (preventive, predictive, and corrective), in order to greatly reduce error probability both in the preparation and in the execution phase.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122429489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A training effectiveness methodology-the first step of its development 培训有效性方法论——发展的第一步
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283386
I. Schoenfeld
{"title":"A training effectiveness methodology-the first step of its development","authors":"I. Schoenfeld","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283386","url":null,"abstract":"A research project to determine the feasibility of developing a training effectiveness methodology has been initiated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The targeted disciplines included: needs assessment; testing and job performance measurement; operational and maintenance data analyses; statistics; training evaluation; and program evaluation. The workshop subject matter experts (SMEs) developed a framework on which to base a methodology. This framework draws together current NRC and nuclear industry processes and initiatives in training evaluation and plant performance monitoring. The framework recognizes that utilities operate closed-loop training systems that incorporate methods for self-correction. The framework proposes that by monitoring/sampling indicator data at various points in the utility's closed-loop system, the NRC can determine whether the loop is operating to maintain training program effectiveness. This training system loop includes the training process, the performance of trained workers, and plant performance. Agreement or lack of agreement between indicators is used to either confirm effective training or to detect training problems.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117294453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IBEW experience with the twelve hour shift 有12小时轮班的工作经验
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283424
P.R. Shoop
{"title":"IBEW experience with the twelve hour shift","authors":"P.R. Shoop","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283424","url":null,"abstract":"The experiences of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) with the twelve-hour shift are reported. Specific topics addressed include: present policy on twelve-hour shifts; the 1984 eight-hour shift survey; overtime requirements; number of shifts; adequate staffing; reduced load demand; zero cost to employer; zero cost to local union; activities of the study committee; reports from local unions; indicators in monitoring twelve-hour shifts; and specific IBEW reservations with regard to the twelve-hour shift.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"22 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123389765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lessons/experience learned from the Boston Edison Company control room enhancement project 从波士顿爱迪生公司控制室增强项目中获得的教训/经验
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283394
N.R. Eisenmann, D.M. Beith, D. Shawver
{"title":"Lessons/experience learned from the Boston Edison Company control room enhancement project","authors":"N.R. Eisenmann, D.M. Beith, D. Shawver","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283394","url":null,"abstract":"The Boston Edison Company implemented the first phase of a control room enhancement project at the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station. The project consists of several tasks, such as control panel painting, control panel relabeling, an upgrade of the control room lighting, etc. These tasks implemented the corrective actions identified during one of the Three Mile Island (TMI)-related activities, i.e., the detailed control room design review (DCRDR). The control panel relabeling and painting tasks and the control room lighting upgrade are described. Issues that were identified in the implementation of these enhancements as well as lessons learned from these projects are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115918753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating maintenance proficiency tests 评估维修能力测试
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283373
J. Geiwitz, A. Spiker, S. Fischer
{"title":"Evaluating maintenance proficiency tests","authors":"J. Geiwitz, A. Spiker, S. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283373","url":null,"abstract":"Once proficiency tests have been constructed, they must be reviewed, evaluated, revised, and documented in terms of accepted standards of test quality. Test refinement is based on item analyses that provide measures of difficulty and validity for each item. Poorly performing items are modified or eliminated. The tests are then evaluated for reliability and validity. Reliability is calculated by the convergence of several independent estimates of worker proficiency, including work experience and supervisors' ratings. Cost-benefit analyses compare the costs of test construction and administration to the benefits of savings in training costs, increased productivity, and reduced plant downtime.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121360897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advanced reactor control room design and licensing 先进的反应堆控制室设计和许可
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283440
W. Russell
{"title":"Advanced reactor control room design and licensing","authors":"W. Russell","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283440","url":null,"abstract":"In outline form, the following subject areas are indicated: historical perspective; advanced control room designs (regulatory challenges and requirements); design certification; (technical review and design acceptance criteria); construction permit and operating license review; and operating authorization.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126272084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outage planning: human performance considerations 停机计划:人员性能考虑
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283419
D. R. Desaulniers
{"title":"Outage planning: human performance considerations","authors":"D. R. Desaulniers","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283419","url":null,"abstract":"Human performance is an important factor in the assessment of outage plans and shutdown risk. An assessment process for examining plant outage working conditions against six fundamental methods for supporting reliable human performance is described. Results of a generic analysis using this process are presented. It is concluded that detailed and structured analyses of the human functions essential to support outage activities and accident mitigation strategies can be used to identify (1) weaknesses in outage plans and (2) methods for decreasing shutdown risks by improving support to reliable human performance.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127627114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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