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Effect of water vapour on the interface reaction between carbon brick and molten iron in blast furnace hearth 水蒸气对高炉炉底炭砖与铁水界面反应的影响
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2195745
Chen-kun Ji, Jian-liang Zhang, Zhong-ping Zou, Wang Cui, Niu Qun, Ke-xin Jiao, Zhong-yi Wang
{"title":"Effect of water vapour on the interface reaction between carbon brick and molten iron in blast furnace hearth","authors":"Chen-kun Ji, Jian-liang Zhang, Zhong-ping Zou, Wang Cui, Niu Qun, Ke-xin Jiao, Zhong-yi Wang","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2195745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2195745","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 In the production process of blast furnace, the damage of cooler and tuyere sleeve and some operation problems often lead to ponding in the hearth. Steam will not only oxidize carbon bricks, but also lead to the falling off of solidification layer, which poses a great threat to the longevity of the hearth. By studying the influence of water vapour content change, the influence mechanism of water vapour on the interface between carbon brick and molten iron in blast furnace hearth is revealed. The results show that the entry of water vapour will isolate the molten iron and carbon brick, and oxidize in contact with the carbon brick, increase the ceramic phase, dissolve into the molten iron, destroy the carbon brick structure at the iron carbon interface, produce spalling, accelerate the destruction and falling off of the solidification layer, so as to reduce the service life of the blast furnace.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1065 - 1074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Critical analysis of variable atmosphere gaseous reduction of iron oxides pellets 氧化铁球团变大气气体还原的临界分析
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2194732
P. Cavaliere, A. Perrone, D. Marsano
{"title":"Critical analysis of variable atmosphere gaseous reduction of iron oxides pellets","authors":"P. Cavaliere, A. Perrone, D. Marsano","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2194732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2194732","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper deals with the analyses of the direct reduction kinetics of industrial iron oxide pellets. Various types of pellets were reduced at different temperatures and pressure (700–1100°C and 1–6 bar) in various atmospheres with different contents of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The reduction behaviour was described in terms of time to reduction, rate of reduction, and kinetics constant. For those pellets reduced in presence of carbon monoxide, also the carbon percentage in the reduced pellets was taken into account. All the obtained results were analysed through the employment of a commercial multi-objective optimisation tool (modeFrontier) in order to precisely define the weight that each single parameter has on the reduction behaviour of the pellets. The performed analyses allowed also to correlate the different processing parameters and the pellets properties in order to define the kinetics conditions as well as the factors limiting the reduction process.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1045 - 1064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41470618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Study on the formation mechanism of clogging layer of rare earth microalloyed Q355 steel’s submerged entry nozzle and process optimization 稀土微合金化Q355钢水下入口喷嘴堵塞层形成机理及工艺优化研究
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2185738
Bo Zhao, Wei Wu, J. Zhi, Cheng-dong Su, Jiahua Zhang
{"title":"Study on the formation mechanism of clogging layer of rare earth microalloyed Q355 steel’s submerged entry nozzle and process optimization","authors":"Bo Zhao, Wei Wu, J. Zhi, Cheng-dong Su, Jiahua Zhang","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2185738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2185738","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The formation mechanism of the clogging layer of the alumina-carbon submerged entry nozzle in the smelting process of rare earth Q355 steel was investigated in this paper. First, the inclusions in the molten steel were discovered to be primarily composed of CaAl2O4, MgO, CaS, and CeAlO3. The mass fraction of solid inclusions increases as the rare earth content increases, and the proportion of inclusions, primarily CaAl2O4, changes. Calcium titanate and cerium aluminate formation can be inhibited by high [Ca] content. XRD and scanning electron microscopy were then used to examine the phase composition and morphology of the inner and outer arcs of the clogging nodules. The clogging was found to be divided into three layers: the nozzle matrix, the reaction layer, and the steel layer. Finally, it is concluded that the dissolution of C element in refractory material is the cause of nozzle blockage, and the core cause of nozzle blockage is the deposition of Al2O3, CaAl2O4, and rare earth compounds. Meanwhile, solutions to nozzle blockage are provided from the perspectives of top slag optimization, the deoxidization process, the calcium treatment process, and protective pouring.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"782 - 793"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48910074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of municipal sludge addition on the sinter process and sinter quality 城市污泥添加对烧结工艺及烧结矿质量的影响
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2192591
Xiao Ping, Feng Wang, Jianlei Pan, Haifeng Wang, Zhi-wei An
{"title":"Effect of municipal sludge addition on the sinter process and sinter quality","authors":"Xiao Ping, Feng Wang, Jianlei Pan, Haifeng Wang, Zhi-wei An","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2192591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2192591","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to analyse the feasibility of sintering for municipal sludge treatment, a sintering pot was used for the experiment. The results showed that the main effects of sludge addition on the sintering process and sinter quality come from the changes in the heat addition and moisture content of the granulated sinter. The addition of sludge could improve the granulation efficiency of the sinter mixture and the particle size composition of the sinter. When the proportion of sludge was 7%, the addition of sludge completely replaced the water required for mixing, and the overall sintering index was the best. In this case, after reducing fuel consumption by 10%, except for the content of P, the sinter quality and the sintering index could met the requirements of steel production. Finally, the use of fuel and raw materials with high P content needed to be reduced with the addition of sludge.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1037 - 1044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45393088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of macrosegregation during slab continuous casting using 3D-longitudinal 2D hybrid model 基于三维-纵向-二维混合模型的板坯连铸宏观偏析分析
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2190255
Yaoguang Li, Weiqiang Chen, Yan-hui Sun
{"title":"Analysis of macrosegregation during slab continuous casting using 3D-longitudinal 2D hybrid model","authors":"Yaoguang Li, Weiqiang Chen, Yan-hui Sun","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2190255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2190255","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To improve the computational efficiency of simulating the macrosegregation process that occurs during continuous casting of steel slabs, a new hybrid method combining three-dimensional and longitudinal two-dimensional models was developed to consider the turbulent flow, heat transfer, solidification, and solute transport phenomena. The reasonability of the performed computational domain division was determined, and the model accuracy was verified experimentally. Using this approach, the solute distribution characteristics and central segregation during continuous casting were examined in detail. The obtained results revealed that recirculation flows in the turbulent flow region play a critical role in the distribution of solute elements near the slab surface. Owing to the redistribution of solute elements at the solid–liquid interface and the movement of the solid–liquid interface towards the slab centre during continuous casting, the solute elements in the slab centre are continuously enriched, ultimately resulting in central segregation.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"794 - 808"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59282415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Investigation on the mechanical and pitting corrosion behaviour of solution-treated 22% Cr lean duplex stainless steel with different Mn/N ratio 不同Mn/N比固溶处理22% Cr贫双相不锈钢的力学和点蚀行为研究
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2188522
Gaoling Xia, Shiyu Wu, Yinhui Yang, Xiaoyu Pan, Tao Yuan, Zihao Gao, Zhixin Gao
{"title":"Investigation on the mechanical and pitting corrosion behaviour of solution-treated 22% Cr lean duplex stainless steel with different Mn/N ratio","authors":"Gaoling Xia, Shiyu Wu, Yinhui Yang, Xiaoyu Pan, Tao Yuan, Zihao Gao, Zhixin Gao","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2188522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2188522","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Effect of Mn/N ratio on the microstructure evolution, mechanical and pitting corrosion properties of solution-treated 22% Cr lean duplex stainless steel (DSS) was investigated. As the Mn/N ratio decreased, tensile and yied strength, as well as elongation,increased due to the strengthening solid solution effect of more nitrogen addition, and two-phase equilibrium was obtained at 17.80 Mn/N ratio. The drop in the amount of Cr2N, more dislocation cell formation in ferrite and the increase of slip bands in austenite contributed to an increase in toughness with increasing Mn/N ratio from 3.28 to 17.80, whereas more σ precipitates and ferrite fraction resulted in a decrease of it at 54.14 Mn/N ratio. Moreover, higher pitting corrosion resistance was obtained for 17.80 Mn/N ratio DSS than that for 2205 DSS due to the thicker and more compact passive film formation, but higher Mn/N ratio of 54.14 decreased it with more loose MnO formation.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1285 - 1301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48150467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of softening and melting testing conditions simulating blast furnace operation with hydrogen injection 模拟高炉喷氢操作软化熔融试验条件的开发
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2185735
N. Barrett, S. Mitra, H. Doostmohammadi, Damien O’dea, P. Zulli, S. Chew, T. Honeyands
{"title":"Development of softening and melting testing conditions simulating blast furnace operation with hydrogen injection","authors":"N. Barrett, S. Mitra, H. Doostmohammadi, Damien O’dea, P. Zulli, S. Chew, T. Honeyands","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2185735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2185735","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Softening and Melting (S&M) experiments have evolved alongside the blast furnace as a crucial tool for burden characterisation and optimisation. Modern blast furnaces derive a base load of hydrogen from various sources. However, with hydrogen-enrichment of the blast furnace being considered to mitigate emissions, new S&M test conditions are required. In this study, a 2-D axisymmetric CFD model is used to simulate the internal conditions of a modern blast furnace operation, and a future operation with tuyere level hydrogen injection. The model results are used to guide the development of novel S&M test conditions, inclusive of H2, H2O, CO, CO2 and N2. The maximum hydrogen concentration under hydrogen enrichment was 20%, with the hydrogenous fraction of the gas primarily replacing nitrogen. A particular focus was given to the importance of including water vapour in the inlet gas, andits impact on reactions occurring in the S&M test.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1248 - 1259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49059319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effect of cooling conditions on the size evolution of typical inclusions in the Al-Ti deoxidised steel 冷却条件对Al-Ti脱氧钢中典型夹杂物尺寸演变的影响
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2185736
Guocheng Wang, Tiepeng Song, Yuanyou Xiao, Jianfeng Wei, Pengliang Jin
{"title":"Effect of cooling conditions on the size evolution of typical inclusions in the Al-Ti deoxidised steel","authors":"Guocheng Wang, Tiepeng Song, Yuanyou Xiao, Jianfeng Wei, Pengliang Jin","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2185736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2185736","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to perform experiments with various cooling rates for the solidification of Al-Ti deoxidised steel. The effects of cooling rate on the morphology, size distribution of observed with typical inclusions, Al2O3, TiS, and Al2O3-TiS in the steel were investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the inclusion morphology is significantly influenced by the cooling rate. With an increase in cooling rate, the number of inclusions smaller than 3 μm rises while the number of inclusions bigger than 3 μm continues to fall. The number density of the inclusions increases gradually with the increase of the cooling rate. The nucleation and growth of inclusion were calculated using a combination of kinetics and thermodynamics. It was found that the cooling rate has no influence on the precipitation temperature of inclusions but has slightly influence on the segregation of solute elements during solidification. TiS inclusions can precipitate at the end of solidification while Al2O3 inclusions can precipitate in the liquid phase based on the thermodynamic calculations. As the cooling rate rises, the size of the inclusions decreases gradually and the effect of cooling rate on inclusion decreases.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1260 - 1270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46468082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modelling of continuous casting processes parameters on the shrinkage cavity formation in bearing steel blooms 连铸工艺参数对轴承型钢缩孔形成的影响
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2175511
Baozhen Yang, Hui Zhang, Ming-lin Wang
{"title":"Modelling of continuous casting processes parameters on the shrinkage cavity formation in bearing steel blooms","authors":"Baozhen Yang, Hui Zhang, Ming-lin Wang","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2175511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2175511","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on the thermal-mechanical coupling model, the distance from the critical position of the shrinkage cavity formation of the two bearing steel blooms to the meniscus is 22 and 19.78 m, respectively, and the critical center solid fraction is 0.7145 and 0.7033, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of superheat and casting speed on the critical value of shrinkage cavity formation are discussed. The results show that the two factors have a great influence on the critical position of shrinkage cavity formation in the former, but basically do not affect the critical solid fraction of shrinkage cavity formation. Finally, the industrial heavy reduction tests in different reduction intervals were carried out, and the results show that when the initial reduction position of the heavy reduction process is set before the critical solid fraction, it can not only eliminate the central shrinkage cavity of the bloom, but also improve the central segregation.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1169 - 1180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41398024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Homogeneous cooling control technology for high-strength low-alloy hot-rolled strip 高强度低合金热轧带钢均匀冷却控制技术
IF 2.1 3区 材料科学
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2023.2182037
Aigeng Fei, Zhiyi Zhao, R. Xue
{"title":"Homogeneous cooling control technology for high-strength low-alloy hot-rolled strip","authors":"Aigeng Fei, Zhiyi Zhao, R. Xue","doi":"10.1080/03019233.2023.2182037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2023.2182037","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Heterogeneities of transverse temperature during laminar cooling of high-strength low-alloy hot-rolled strip can cause heterogeneous distribution of microstructure, mechanical property and internal stress. Edge masking is a control technology that can be used to improve laminar cooling heterogeneities. In this paper, different edge masking schemes were set up based on the transverse transformation characteristics of the strip. The results show that a slow cooling of 7.1 s during transformation could reduce the heterogeneity of grain size, internal stress and microhardness at the edge and middle of the strip. In addition, the relationship model between grain size and six variables such as transformation start temperature was established by PCA. It provided a new idea for the construction of a microstructure prediction model under nonlinear cooling.","PeriodicalId":14753,"journal":{"name":"Ironmaking & Steelmaking","volume":"50 1","pages":"1234 - 1240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48841615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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