International Journal of Advanced Research最新文献

{"title":"EFFICACY OF VIRTUAL REALITY EXPOSURE THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN ADULTS","authors":"Shristi Tyagi","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/19027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19027","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of new technologies like enhanced immersion and realism providing realistic stimulations, biometric sensor integration having physiological monitoring like heart rate monitors and conductance sensors which allow the observation and monitoring of patients behaviour and their responses and combining the reality with VR technology have altogether made the Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy more effective for the treatment of phobias and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder [1]. The efficacy of VRET in treatment of PTSDcan be observed through various studies conducted on war veterans, general population and people suffering from stressful traumatic memories of the past.Astudy was conducted to assess the treatment ofPTSD through VRET in the survivors of 9/11 attacks revealed significant reductions in symptoms with large effect size (d=1.50).","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PERI-IMPLANT TISSUES AROUND EARLY LOADED VERSUS DELAYED LOADEDIMPLANTS","authors":"Mutthineni Ramesh Babu, Arpita Paul, Srija Dadipally","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/19032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19032","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: This study compared and evaluated the peri-implant tissue alterations in single-piece implants that were loaded early versus delayed. To evaluate the differences in radiographic results and clinical characteristics between early and delayed loaded implants. Materials and Methods: Using radio visio graphs (RVGs), the current study aims to assess and compare the clinical and radiographic results of early loaded implants versus delayed loaded implants. Twenty sites in all, based on the kind of implant loading techniques, were randomly divided into two groups by flipping a coin, following the first screening and the patients who met the inclusion requirements. Ten sites with an early loading technique (GROUP 1) and ten sites with a delayed loading methodology (GROUP 2) were separated into two groups. In both groups, the Bioline single-piece implants were utilised. Results: The clinical parameters probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and width of the keratinized peri-implant mucosa were measured at baseline, 3 & 6 months. Changes in marginal bone loss were measured using RVG. To evaluate the alterations in marginal bone level, AUTO CAD was utilised. SPSS V.23 was employed for the purpose of data analysis. Using the Mann Whitney U test for intergroup comparison and Friedmans Two-way ANOVA for intragroup comparison, groups 1 and 2 were assessed on mesial and distal surfaces. Conclusion: Given the current studys constraints, the findings can be summed up as follows: early loaded implants performed better than delayed loaded implants in all clinical and radiographic measures from baseline to six months.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SCIENCE LABORATORY PRACTICES AND STUDENTS ATTITUDES IN CHEMISTRY IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RWANDA A CASE OF NGOMA DISTRICT","authors":"Etienne Twizeyimana, Faustin Mugiraneza","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/19023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19023","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the science laboratory practices and students attitudes in chemistry in public secondary schools in Rwanda, specifically inNgoma district. Descriptive research designs using mixed approach were used. The study encompassed both quantitative and qualitative sources of data that were collected with a questionnaire and an interview guide as the chosen research tools. The target participants comprised 735 participants including 719 students, 8 teachers, 4 deans of studies, and 4 head teachers from 4 public secondary schools in Ngoma district. To obtain the sample size, purposive and random sampling techniques were employed. The sample of 213 was determined with the help of the Slovins formula. Statistical analysis was achieved using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) after coding, editing, and processing of the raw data. Outputs of descriptive statistics and the relationship between science laboratory practices and students attitudes in chemistry were estimated. The findings were portrayed using tables with a subsequent careful interpretation and discussion. 149 (74 %) perceive science laboratory practices as the determinant of students motivation towards learning science subjects, and equally as the key factor to enhancing intellectual development in science subjects. 144 (72 %) held that science laboratory practices improve students problem-solving skills while 142 (71 %) emphasized that science laboratory practices help students develop experimental skills. Importantly, a strong Pearson correlation was obtained (r = .969, p = .031) between science laboratory practices and students attitudes in Chemistry subject. The study findings are important to educational planners and curriculum designers, as the findings serve as the guide for them during incorporation of practical content into the curriculum either during design or during modification of the existing one.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LOCALIZED JUVENILE SCLERODERMA IN ITS LINEAR FORM: A CASE STUDY","authors":"A. Bebana, A. Ghanam, A. Ouali, N. Miry, A. Bennani, A. Babakhouya, M. Rkain","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/19022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19022","url":null,"abstract":"Localized juvenile scleroderma is an autoimmune disease with an unknown cause, marked by skin fibrosis and sometimes involving the underlying fascia, muscles, and skeletal tissue. The diseases severity can vary from isolated skin hardening in one area to severe, disabling conditions affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, and bones if diagnosis is delayed. Here, we present a case of localized juvenile scleroderma from the Pediatrics Department at Mohammed VI University Hospital Center in Oujda.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AIRWAY CHALLENGES IN A ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIC PATIENT WITHTRAUMATIC CERVICAL SPINE FRACTURE - A CASE REPORT","authors":"Sateesh Kumar J., Raj Murugan, Krishnagopal Vinod, Akash Yadhav","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/19026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19026","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory condition that results in the fusion of the spine and decreased flexibility, commonly known as bamboo spine. This condition presents significant challenges to anesthesiologists due to potential difficulties in managing the airway, cardiovascular issues, and compromised respiration. AS patients face an increased risk of fractures and spinal cord injury, especially in the cervical spine, which is prone to instability and higher morbidity and mortality rates. Maneuvers to manage the airway and intubation techniques may exacerbate movement in the cervical spine, potentially leading to further injury. Case Report: A 42-year-old man with a history of AS presented with a cervical spine injury after a road traffic accident. MRI showed fractures at the posterior arch of C1 and C4-C5 levels with nerve root compression. The patient, who was not regularly followed up, was taking medication. Preoperative assessment revealed a potentially difficult airway, and the patient had quadriparesis and reduced sensation. Due to the risk of spinal cord injury, an awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) was planned. The AFOI was successfully performed through the nasal route, and the patient underwent a C4-C5 discectomy and stabilization. The postoperative recovery was uneventful, with no new neurological deficits. Discussion: The case emphasizes the need to minimize movement of the cervical spine when managing the airway in AS patients with cervical spine fractures. Using AFOI is more effective than other techniques in this scenario, as it minimizes cervical movement and allows for post-intubation neurologic assessments. Although the glidescope video laryngoscope and intubating laryngeal mask airway are considered as alternatives to direct laryngoscopy, anesthesiologists still prefer AFOI as the primary option. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates the best airway management for an AS patient with a cervical spine fracture, with a focus on the role of the anesthesiologist in preventing further injury and neurologic deterioration. Awake fiberoptic intubation is the safest alternative for AS patients with cervical spine fractures, as long as the anesthesiologist has the requisite skills and knowledge.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE RELIGIOUS FRESCOES IN KUNZANG CHODENS NOVEL THE CIRCLE OF KARMA","authors":"Pooja Thulasan, Indrani Singh Rai","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/19030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19030","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the thematic exploration of religious identity in Kunzang Chodens novel The Circle of Karma. It takes a critical look at the transformation of the protagonist Tsomo from an ordinary village girl to a spiritual nun, elaborating on how religion played its role in this evolution. Choden has graphically portrayed the length and breadth of religious rites and rituals that prevailed in Bhutan. The novel follows, in the person of Tsomo, deep-rooted Bhutanese cultural and religious traditions, going to the depths pertaining to questions of karma, suffering, and peace considering lifes misfortunes on the journey to enlightenment.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey for Mycobacterium spp. in Post slaughter Matrix of Donkeys","authors":"Okoli Solomon Chieloka, Ogugua Akwoba Joseph","doi":"10.37284/ijar.7.1.1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/ijar.7.1.1988","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of Mycobacterium in the post-slaughter matrix of animals is a public health concern. The issue is compounded during postmortem meat inspection at the abattoir when judgments on suspected cases of Tuberculosis (TB) are based solely on gross morphological lesions, without complementary laboratory tests. As a result, carcasses from animals with latent TB infection may be approved for human consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TB in the carcasses of donkeys slaughtered at an abattoir. A survey was conducted from January 1st, 2024 to March 31st, 2024 involving 4200 animals slaughtered within the period. Tissue samples (Lung, spleen, liver) were purposively obtained from carcasses with lesions consistent with suspected TB cases. Tissues were collected in sterile Universal bottles and transported to the laboratory in a Giostyle maintained at a temperature of 4-5 degrees Celsius. Acid-fast bacilli were identified using Ziehl-Neelsen stain. In all 26 organs obtained from individual animals that met the case definition for suspected TB, 8 (31%) tested positive for Acid-fast bacilli, the spleen accounts for 2 (25%), liver 2 (25%), and lungs 4 (50%). The prevalence of tuberculosis in the carcasses of slaughtered donkeys during this period was 0.2%. Given the absence of laboratory screening equipment and facilities to screen for suspected TB in carcasses, the risk of TB zoonosis remains high. To address this issue, we recommend the immediate establishment of dedicated tuberculosis screening facilities in all abattoirs within the state to enhance the detection and confirmation of suspected cases of tuberculosis in meat","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Female Scientists in Research Networks in STEM fields in Public Universities in Uganda","authors":"Safina Galenda","doi":"10.37284/ijar.7.1.1877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/ijar.7.1.1877","url":null,"abstract":"Research networks are inevitable for female scientists in STEM fields, where research is carried out in teams in higher education. They promote privileged access to relevant knowledge and support from peers due to social connections. This qualitative study set out to explore the experiences of female scientists in research networks in STEM fields in public universities in Uganda. The study's population encompassed female scientists in research networks in STEM fields in public universities in Uganda that included Makerere University, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Gulu University and Busitema University. In respect to this study, my participants were selected in the STEM fields in public universities in Uganda. Female scientists in research networks were selected in the hard pure and hard applied disciplines as classified by Becher and Biglan's typology of academic disciplines of 1973. From their classification of academic disciplines, the STEM fields belong to the hard pure and hard applied disciplines. This study was anchored on the existential phenomenology by Martin Heidegger in the interpretive worldview. Both semi-structured interviews and document check data collection methods were used in this study. A sample size comprising of eight female scientists in research networks in STEM fields in public universities in Uganda were interviewed. Data were thematically analysed where clustering into catergories and emerging sub-themes were developed to form themes. This study concludes that those female scientists in research networks had positive experiences such as funding, networking, research skills, career growth, conferences, mentoring, and negative experiences like hectic schedules and delayed funding. The findings that emerged from the study indicated positive experiences with the research networks, which enabled them to win research grants, projects, and postdoctoral fellowships successfully. Those female scientists believed that their inter-institutional, national, regional, and international interactions and engagements spurred excellent opportunities for them in their universities. This was because they were exposed to top-notch scientists in their disciplines. This study, therefore, recommends to the management of public universities in Uganda to establish formal research networks and strengthen the existing informal research networks","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting Approaches on Children Food Uptake and Nutrition Status in Kiambu County, Kenya","authors":"Mutuura Caroline Hilda Karambu, D. M. Kigaru, Z. Ndung'u","doi":"10.37284/ijar.7.1.1822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/ijar.7.1.1822","url":null,"abstract":"Parental use of reward and punishment is a key to reinforcement or deterrence of food choices among children an aspect that affects nutritional status throughout an individual’s life span. Kenya has a population of 47,564,296 people according to demographic survey of Kenya 2019, of whom 1.4 % are school-going children aged 6-years in Juja Sub-County of Kiambu, (Kenya National Beural of Statistics,2019). Cross-sectional analytical research design was adopted on 384 parent-child pairs, who were disproportionately sampled. Researcher-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. SРSS software version 26.0 was used to analyse the data with significance p<.05. Anthropometry data was analysed using WHO Anthro-Plus Survey Analyzer and compared to BMI-for-age (BAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and height-for-age (HAZ) Scores for the target population. Pearson’s correlation (r) was used to establish association. Boys were 48.0% while girls were 52.0% with a mean age of 6.4± 0.1. Almost half the index children (45.1%) were born first. Mean household size was 5.0± 1.66 with maternal mean age at 34± 4.9 years and that of the fathers at 39± 4.8 years. The majority of mothers (73.0%) and fathers (76.1%) had tertiary level of education with more fathers than the mothers in the formal sector of employment, with a higher income. All (100%) children reported being rewarded by receiving incentives like praise words (60.1%), while majority of them (92.0%) reported being punished in multiple ways by the mothers when they refused to feed yet a third of fathers (61.0%) praised and gifted their children to feed. Prevalence of stunting (6.9%), underweight (7.1%), wasting (7.2%), overweight (16.4%) and obesity (11.7%) was observed in the study population. A positive strong significant relationship (p=0.05, x2=5.2) between age of the mothers and punishment was noted, also shouting threats, grounding, inflicting pain & withdrawal of privileges (p=0.05, x2=9.6) was common among the married mothers. More parents with tertiary education (74.6%) and higher incomes (40.5%) gifted and gave special permissions which had a stronger positive relationship to food choices (p=0.06, x2=4.33) and nutritional status (p=0.04, x2=5.9). Food choices had a strong positive relationship to nutritional status (p=0.05) and so did dietary diversity (p=0.6). Majority of the parents reported that the demographic characteristics (83.8%) and Socio-economic characteristics (90.7%) affected their food choices as a household. Almost all mothers (98.8%) and more than half of the fathers (55.4%) felt that rewarding and punishing the study children in relation to food had an effect on their food choices and approaches","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivating Neurodiverse Connections Through Competent Leadership: Integrative Literature Review","authors":"Ann Gaceri Kaaria, Grace Karamunta Karemu","doi":"10.37284/ijar.7.1.1814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/ijar.7.1.1814","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the relationship between neurodiversity and leadership competency to create inclusive and encouraging settings. The concept of neurodiversity in the workplace stresses the acceptance and celebration of neurological variations, including autism, ADHD, and other neurodevelopmental disorders. In order to promote diversity, inclusion, and shape corporate culture, competent leadership is essential. In order to investigate how leaders might develop neurodiverse connections, this review synthesises the literature and looks at how they may embrace inclusive practices, recognise the special advantages and difficulties faced by neurodivergent people, and create a positive work environment. An extensive review of the present state of knowledge in this burgeoning topic is provided by the analysis, which includes studies from a variety of disciplines such as management, organisational behaviour, and psychology. The results underscore the significance of leadership competencies, including empathy, adaptability, and communication, in fostering settings that enable neurodivergent persons, hence augmenting creativity and efficiency. Furthermore, this study investigated the complex relationship between neurodiversity and leadership ability, with a particular emphasis on creating inclusive and supportive workplace settings. The findings highlight the importance of competent leadership in encouraging diversity, inclusiveness, and moulding corporate culture, particularly in terms of embracing neurodiverse relationships. As a result, this assessment suggests that leaders actively engage in inclusive practices, recognise the particular strengths and challenges that neurodivergent people confront, and help to create a pleasant work environment. Moving forward, it is believed that applying these recommendations will result in a more inclusive workplace culture, increasing acceptance and appreciation of neurological variances such as autism, ADHD, and other neurodevelopmental diseases. Organisations may empower neurodivergent individuals by building leadership abilities such as empathy, adaptability, and effective communication, resulting in increased creativity and efficiency. This study, which draws on a thorough evaluation of current knowledge from a variety of fields, is an invaluable resource for organisations looking to promote neurodiversity and capitalise on its potential benefits in the pursuit of a more inclusive and innovative workplace","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}