{"title":"Capital budgeting, government policies and the performance of SMEs in Nigeria : a hypothetical case analysis","authors":"E. Ben-caleb, U. Uwuigbe, G. Agbude","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V21I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V21I1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined capital assets investment decision of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nigeria using a hypothetical case. It explored extant literature with respect to inhibitors to SMEs and their common capital budgeting techniques and the role of Government policies in enhancing the business activities of the citizens. It was found that although, inadequacy of funds is the most notorious inhibitor to SMEs development in Nigeria, the inability and lack of skills to effectively and efficiently allocate those financial resources can exacerbate their financial crises. The paper also used a hypothetical example to ex-ray the importance of using DCF methods of investment appraisal leading to the conclusion that sound investment decisions through the application of appropriate evaluation techniques are critical to SMEs long term fortune. It therefore recommended the application of discounted cash flow techniques such as NPV, IRR or even other more sophisticated methods by SMEs in evaluating their capital projects, as a panacea to their financial quagmire.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114170990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical self-efficacy and academic level as predictors of university maladjustment","authors":"Uzochukwu N. Israel","doi":"10.1037/e507682013-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e507682013-001","url":null,"abstract":"Selfâ??efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute courses of action required to manage prospective situations. The goal of this study was to examine the influence of self-efficacy, academic level and gender in predicting university maladjustment. A total of 200 undergraduate students (100 male and 100 female) with ages ranging from 16 to 50 years and a mean age of 22.5 years and from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds from the University of Lagos in Nigeria participated in the study. They completed two instruments- the Physical Self-efficacy (PSE) and the University maladjustment scales. It was hypothesized that students with a high sense of self-efficacy and those in higher academic levels will be better adjusted as well as males having a higher sense of self-efficacy than females. Although males had higher self-efficacy than females, the difference was not significant and neither was there gender differences in the area of maladjustment. Another finding was that there was an inverse relationship between physical self-efficacy and maladjustment. The implication of this is that as physical self-efficacy increases, university adjustment increases, in other words, maladjustment decreases. Recommendations that people must have a robust sense of personal efficacy to sustain the perseverant effort needed to succeed were made.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121701511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictors of organizational commitment of factory employees","authors":"C. Chovwen","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V20I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V20I2","url":null,"abstract":"This survey research investigated the predictive influence of organizational climate, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence on organizational commitment. Data were collected from 200randomly selected employees of Cocacola Factory who served as participants in this study using structured questionnaire. Results of the analyses carried out on the predicted hypotheses revealed significant differences between individuals with low and high self efficacy, low and high emotional intelligence and favourable and unfavourable perception of organizational climate on organizational commitment and also that self efficacy, emotional intelligence and perceived organizational climate significantly and jointly predicted organizational climate. The promotion of self efficacy, emotional intelligence and provision of positive environment enhances organizational commitment that gives organizations competitive advantage over others. Ife PsychologIA , 20(2), September 2012","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114445180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incentive factors affecting productivity of public servants in Ogun State: Evidence from Ado-Ota Local Government Area","authors":"C. Tongo","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69503","url":null,"abstract":"The theoretical justification for the actualization of public sector goals is premised on the notion that those under the sector’s employment should be imbued with the spirit of selfless service. However, this has become a theoretical fad based on the findings of a cross sectional study which sought to know the extent to which financial and nonfinancial incentives affected the productivity of different groups of public servants in Ado-Ota Local Government Area of Ogun State. Based on the study’s results, three types of public servants were identified and described. These are the “deadwoods”, “egocentric servants” and “loyal servants”. While the deadwoods and egocentric servants are the misfits of the public sector; only the loyal servants are apt for jobs in the public sector. Consequently, recommendations were offered on how the sector could attract and retain those that are most suitable for its employment. Also, directions for future research with respect to confirming the veracity of the study’s findings were provided.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126958113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of election irregularities on socio-economic development of the people in selected rural communities of Delta State in Nigeria","authors":"O. O. Okoji","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69518","url":null,"abstract":"Since the fourth Republic there have been trends of bad leadership in the State resulting from election irregularities committed that produce leaders in the State. The nature, extent and magnitude of rigging associated with elections in this state are posing a serious threat to the state quest for stable socioeconomic development and democratic practices, as well as the attainment of the long term goal of consolidated democracy. Thus, this study examines the effect of election irregularities on socio – economic development of the rural dwellers in Delta State. The study adopted descriptive survey research of Ex- post facto. The instrument used in this research work was tagged Election Irregularities Scale (SES), which was administered in three selected local Government in Delta South West Senatorial District. Chi square was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117312239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Home and psycho-social benefits: The case of public housing in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ilesanmi","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69514","url":null,"abstract":"Housing encompasses a bundle of benefits that are integral to personal and family well-being. This paper reviews the literature on the meaning of the home and links this with the psycho-social benefits derived by residents, and how these can be assessed through empirical research. A survey measuring psycho-social benefits was conducted to a systematic sample of 760 household-heads in eight public housing estates in Lagos, Nigeria. Four factors were derived from the responses to the survey, relating to the home as a hearth, as heart, as a locus of autonomy and as a source of status for the residents. Findings reveal that housing tenure is less significant as a predictor of psychosocial benefits from the home than the neighbourhood context and the physical characteristics of housing. In addition, the factors negatively associated with psycho-social benefits appear to be more significant than those factors positively associated with such benefits. This implies that what detracts from psycho-social benefits may be more important than what contributes to them. The study also found that, after controlling for other influences, people living in bungalow housing units derive more benefits from the home as a hearth and as a locus of autonomy than households in multi-apartment blocks of flats. These findings are pertinent to the design of more fitting and appropriate home environments.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132302173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing moral values in children : observations from a preschool","authors":"M. Thompson","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69584","url":null,"abstract":"Moral education typically refers to teaching pupils the difference between right and wrong. The study attempted to identify and understand how moral values of preschool children are developed. Four teachers (2males, 2 females) in 2 kindergarten classes in Bawku participated in the study. Each teacher was observed for 3 hours a day for three consecutive days resulting in 36 hours of videotaped data. The teachers were also interviewed. There were 284 incidents in which teachers engaged in some form of moral or deductive instructions. The study established that teachers perceived themselves as moral educators. In addition, moral values such as right and wrong as well as honesty were being transmitted to the children through methods such as individual education, group education, opportunity education and storytelling. Results indicated that the teachers transmitted moral values once in a while but more socialization skills were transmitted frequently. The implications of these findings were discussed.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129289223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Socio-Psychological Problems of the Aged Yoruba and Hausa Dwelling in South-Western Nigeria","authors":"Y. L. Olaleye","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69586","url":null,"abstract":"The aged constitute a repository of wisdom and experiences. The complex socio-economic difficulties experienced in developing countries has led to the neglect of the aged, and the strategies for ensuring a guaranteed social welfare package for them are increasingly being ignored. This study examined the socio- psychological problems of Yoruba and Hausa dwelling in South-Western Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was employed for the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 300 respondents. The main instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire, complemented with Oral Interview. The findings revealed that there is significant difference between the traditional social welfare of the aged Hausa and Yoruba. The findings also revealed that there is significant difference between communication media used for ameliorating the sociopsychological problems of the aged in Hausa and Yoruba community. The findings showed that there is significant difference between traditional social welfare policies of the aged Hausa and Yoruba of Nigeria. It was, therefore, recommended that the children and kins of the aged make provision for their parents, encourage their domestic rehabilitation, attend to their socio-psychological problems and reinforce their communication media to promote longevity of life. The aged too should make adequate provision for their old age through investment in viable shares, children education from their youthful age and other investments that can secure comfort in their old age.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114223306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religious orientation and personality styles in psychology students","authors":"As Silva, S. Laher","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69580","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between religion and personality has often been debated in psychology with some theorists advocating the inclusion of religion in models of personality and others advocating that religion is a separate entity from personality. Other research also debates whether religion impacts positively or negatively on personality. Thus the relationship between perceptions of religious orientation and personality styles utilising the Allport-Ross Religious Orientation Scale (1967) and the Millon Index of Personality Styles (1994) was investigated in a sample of 158 psychology students at the University of the Witwatersrand. Results indicated significant differences in the personality styles of intrinsically and extrinsically religiously oriented students. Significant differences were also found between religiously affiliated individuals and individuals with no religious affiliation in terms of personality and religious orientation. The implications of these results for the field of personality psychology are discussed with particular emphasis on the role of religion within personality psychology.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"5 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120993275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stressful life events, vulnerable to stress and depression among Eritrean high school students","authors":"Zafrul Allam","doi":"10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IFEP.V19I2.69583","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to observe the difference between male and female Eritrean students on the basis of stressful life events, vulnerable to stress and depression. Stressful life Events Questionnaire, Vulnerable to Stress Instrument and Beck Depression Scale were administered to gather information. The data were analyzed by using Means, Standard Deviations, and ‘‘t’-test to compare the groups. The results revealed that (i) female students showed more stressful life events than male students (ii) male and female groups were found significantly difference with stress and (iii) female students found significantly more depression than male counterparts. Based on findings researcher has given some suggestions.","PeriodicalId":118769,"journal":{"name":"IFE Psychologia: An International Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123576351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}