Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology最新文献_第2页

Topography of unpaired fins with respect to the vertebrae and similarities among icefishes of the family Channichthyidae 冰鱼科冰鱼中未配对鳍的地形与椎骨的关系和相似性

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86796-5

Arcady V. Balushkin

引用次数: 6

Influence of temperature and activity on the metabolic rate of adult Drosophila melanogaster 温度和活动对黑腹果蝇成虫代谢率的影响

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00030-3

D. Berrigan , L. Partridge

{"title":"Influence of temperature and activity on the metabolic rate of adult Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"D. Berrigan , L. Partridge","doi":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00030-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00030-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We measured metabolic rates of adult male Drosophila melanogaster allowed to evolve in the laboratory at 18 and 25°C and compared these with measurements of metabolic rates of flies collected along a latitudinal gradient in Australia. Metabolic rates of flies that had evolved in the laboratory at low temperature were 5–7% higher than those of flies allowed to evolve at high temperature. Metabolic rates of field collected increased with latitude when measured at 18°C but not at higher temperature (25°C) and were about 9% greater in high latitude (∼41′00) flies than low latitude (16′53) flies. Metabolic rate was strongly influenced by measurement temperature; estimated Q10s ranged from 1.79 to 2.5 for measurements made at 18 and 25°C. Metabolic rate scaled isometrically with body mass; the estimated slope of a ln-ln regression of metabolic rate and body mass was 1.03 ± 0.1. We used our measures of metabolic rate and activity to estimate the minimum cost of transport (MCOT) while walking. The estimates of MCOT have high standard errors (lab, 34.30 ± 14.2 ml O2/g/km; and field, 38.0 ± 17.0 ml O2/g/km); however, they differ by only 3–9% from predicted values based on allometric relationships reported in the literature.</div>","PeriodicalId":10612,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology","volume":"118 4","pages":"Pages 1301-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00030-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20429491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 112

Enzymes in Antarctic fish: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase 南极鱼类中的酶:葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86791-6

M.Antonietta Ciardiello, Laura Camardella, Vito Carratore, Guido di Prisco

引用次数: 19

Metabolic regulation in mammalian hibernation: Enzyme and protein adaptations 哺乳动物冬眠中的代谢调节:酶和蛋白质适应

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00238-7

Kenneth B. Storey

{"title":"Metabolic regulation in mammalian hibernation: Enzyme and protein adaptations","authors":"Kenneth B. Storey","doi":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00238-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00238-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Mammalian hibernation requires specific regulatory controls on metabolism to coordinate entry, maintenance, and arousal stages, as well as adjustments to many metabolic functions to support long-term dormancy. Several mechanisms of metabolic regulation are involved in potentiating survival. One of these is the reversible phosphorylation of regulatory enzymes, including glycogen phosphorylase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase. In particular, the sharp suppression of pyruvate dehydrogenase during hibernation shows the importance of control over mitochondrial oxidative metabolism for reducing metabolic rate. Fine control over specific enzymes also occurs via differential temperature effects on kinetic and allosteric properties. Analysis of temperature effects on the properties of pyruvate kinase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, creatine kinase, and citrate synthase from ground squirrel or bat tissues shows a range of responses, some that would reduce enzyme activity in the hibernating state and some that would promote temperature-insensitive enzyme function. Reduced tissue phosphagen and adenylate levels, but not energy charge, may also contribute to overall metabolic suppression. New research is exploring the role of transcriptional and translational controls in hibernation via several approaches. For example, immunoblotting with antibodies to heat shock proteins (hsp 70 family) revealed the presence of constitutive hsc 70 in bat tissues but levels of the protein did not change between euthermic and hibernating states and neither the inducible hsp 70 nor the glucose-responsive protein grp 78 appeared during hibernation.</div>","PeriodicalId":10612,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology","volume":"118 4","pages":"Pages 1115-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00238-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20430327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 135

Hibernation triggers and cryogens: Do they play a role in hibernation? 冬眠触发器和冷冻剂:它们在冬眠中起作用吗?

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00239-9

S. Vybíral, L. Janský

引用次数: 23

The spontaneous hemin release from Lumbricus terrestris hemoglobin 地蚓血红蛋白中血红蛋白的自发释放

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00224-7

Michael L. Smith, J. Paul, P. Ohlsson, K. Paul

引用次数: 3

Effect of diet on the biochemical composition of Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) under natural and rearing conditions (effect of diet on biochemical composition of urchins) 在自然和饲养条件下，饮食对生活副着丝粒（棘皮动物纲：棘皮动物总科）生物化学组成的影响（饮食对海胆生物化学成分的影响）

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00221-1

Catherine Fernandez

{"title":"Effect of diet on the biochemical composition of Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) under natural and rearing conditions (effect of diet on biochemical composition of urchins)","authors":"Catherine Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00221-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00221-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The biochemical composition (expressed as % dry weight) of the test, gut and gonad of Paracentrotus lividus was estimated. Sea urchin biochemical composition was studied in two natural populations of a coastal Mediterranean lagoon and in two rearing stations, one in open sea and one inland. Artificials feeds were administered to the reared urchins in order to evaluate variations in the biochemical composition of this species when provided different food resources. The results reveal that, for the natural populations examined in this study, the biochemical composition of the gonad, gut, and test do not depend on food availability and, hence on the quantity of food consumed. The comparison between wild and reared sea urchin biochemistry reveals that organ biochemical composition is strongly influenced by the quality of the feed. The use of artificial feed containing fish meal (rich in protein), favours a storage of reserves in the gonad, the gut, and even in the test in the form of lipids and/or carbohydrates. This is true for both open sea and inland rearing.</div>","PeriodicalId":10612,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology","volume":"118 4","pages":"Pages 1377-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00221-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72220673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 59

Proximate composition and energy density of some north pacific forage fishes 北太平洋几种饲料鱼类的近似组成和能量密度

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)00240-5

Thomas I. Van Pelt , John F. Piatt , Brain K. Lance , Daniel D. Roby

引用次数: 202

Essential amino acid metabolism in molting and non-molting sparrows in different nutritional states 不同营养状态下蜕皮和非蜕皮麻雀必需氨基酸代谢

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86800-4

Shawn D. Pearcy, Mary E. Murphy

{"title":"Essential amino acid metabolism in molting and non-molting sparrows in different nutritional states","authors":"Shawn D. Pearcy, Mary E. Murphy","doi":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86800-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86800-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We investigated the abilities of sparrows, Zonotrichia leucophrys, to adjust their rates of oxidation of endogenously derived essential amino acids and to retain these indicator amino acids (IAA) in tissue proteins in response to either a dietary deficiency of total protein, threonine or sulfur amino acids (SAA). Tissue proteins of birds were uniformly labeled with either 1-14C-phe or 1-14C-val by injecting birds IM with a tracer dose of labeled amino acid 21 days before dietary treatments began. Oxidation rates and retention of IAA in tissue proteins were compared between well-nourished birds and those fed deficient diets during two phases of their annual cycle, molt and winter maintenance. Non-molting birds fed diets low in protein or in threonine and molting birds fed diets low in protein reduced oxidation rates and increased retention of IAA after 9 days of dietary treatment as compared with well-nourished birds. In contrast, non-molting birds fed diets low in SAA showed no adjustments in oxidation or retention of IAA and molting birds fed diets low in SAA showed increased rates of oxidation and lower retention of IAA as compared with well-nourished control birds. In those birds able to adjust to dietary deficiencies, decreased oxidation and increased retention rates closely approximated earlier reported decreases in muscle protein degradation rates in response to malnutrition. Reduced protein degradation rates may be the preeminent compensatory mechanism in protein sparing during malnutrition, whereas adjustment in oxidation and reutilization of endogenously derived amino acids seems to play only a small role. Differing responses of birds to SAA deficiency as compared with protein or threonine deficiency probably result from depletion of glutathione pools and a resulting disturbance to the normal economy of protein metabolism.</div>","PeriodicalId":10612,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology","volume":"118 4","pages":"Pages 1157-1163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86800-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72220679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Intrinsic rates of heartbeat in Antarctic fishes: Is an icefish different? 南极鱼类的固有心跳率：冰鱼不同吗？

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86794-1

John A. Macdonald

{"title":"Intrinsic rates of heartbeat in Antarctic fishes: Is an icefish different?","authors":"John A. Macdonald","doi":"10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86794-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86794-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Between 1992 and 1994, temperature effects on cardiac pacemakers of three notothenioid fish species were investigated at Scott Base and Terra Nova Bay Station, Antarctica by recording electrical activity from isolated atria. Spontaneous rhythmic electrical activity correlated closely with visible contractions of the atrium. For the icefish Chionodraco hamatus, a mean rate of 15.2 ± 0.69 beats per minute (B/min) was recorded at 0°C, which agreed well with a mean pressure pulse frequency of 15.3 ± 0.42 B/min determined in vivo with a caudal arterial cannula. At the same temperature, slightly higher intrinsic rates of 23.5 ± 0.42 and 24.26 ± 0.88 B/min were measured in the red-blooded nototheniids Trematomus bernacchii and Pagothenia borchgrevinki, respectively. A bimodal distribution of rates was apparent in deteriorating preparations and fatigued low-frequency subpopulations were eliminated from further analysis. Linear regression confirmed that the atrial pacemaker is slower in C. hamatus but that temperature coefficients are similar for all 3 species: C. hamatus, fH = 16.39 + 2.89 T; T. bernacchii, fH = 24.55 + 2.69 T; P. borchgrevinki, fH = 24.78 + 3.25 T, where fH = heart rate, B/min and T = temperature, °C. The results appear to have predictive value for other antarctic fishes.</div>","PeriodicalId":10612,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology","volume":"118 4","pages":"Pages 1051-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0300-9629(97)86794-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72221014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4