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Approximate solution of intraparticle diffusion equations and their application to continuous-flow stirred tank and fixed-bed adsorption calculations 颗粒内扩散方程的近似解及其在连续流搅拌槽和固定床吸附计算中的应用
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80008-1
C. Yao, C. Tien
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引用次数: 11
Liquid-liquid extraction using aphrons 液-液萃取法
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80011-1
Sanjiv V. Save, Vishwas G. Pangarkar, S.Vasant Kumar
{"title":"Liquid-liquid extraction using aphrons","authors":"Sanjiv V. Save,&nbsp;Vishwas G. Pangarkar,&nbsp;S.Vasant Kumar","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80011-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80011-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The performance of continuous countercurrent predispersed solvent extraction (PDSE) using liquid aphrons (LA) and colloidal gas aphrons (CGA) has been studied for extraction of copper from aqueous acidic solution in LIX 622/kerosene and extraction of aqueous acetic acid in Alamine 336/2-ethyl hexanol. The effect of LA dilution at various levels along with the effect of relevant variables like LA, CGA and continuous-phase flow rates, type of LA etc. on extraction efficiency has been studied. The results indicate that the twofold dilution LA type gives the best efficiency vs. fivefold and no dilution LA type, and that the mass-transfer performance of PDSE is significantly better than conventional spray column. These results further indicate the potential for use of PDSE for other extraction applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 104-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80011-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84958029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Enhancement of in situ adsorption on the acetone-butanol fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum 乙酰丁酸梭菌对丙酮-丁醇发酵的原位吸附强化
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80009-X
Xiaoping Yang , Gow-Jen Tsai , George T. Tsao
{"title":"Enhancement of in situ adsorption on the acetone-butanol fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum","authors":"Xiaoping Yang ,&nbsp;Gow-Jen Tsai ,&nbsp;George T. Tsao","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80009-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80009-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An integrated process of the acetone-butanol batch fermentation coupled with in situ toxic products removal was developed. It was found that the <em>in situ</em> adsorption process using polyvinylpyridine as the adsorbent enhanced the fermentation rates and the reactor productivity by Clostridium acetobutylicum. In a typical traditional acetone-butanol fermentation process, only about 60.0 g/L of glucose could be used in a batch operation mode and thus at maximum only 21 g/L of the total final products concentration could be achieved. In the adsorption-coupled system, an initial glucose concentration of 94.0 g/L was fermented when a weight ratio of the adsorbent to the fermentation broth of 3/10 was used. An overall product concentration of 29.8 g/L and a productivity of 0.92 g/L · h were achieved in the adsorptive batch fermentation system. Compared with the controlled traditional batch acetone-butanol fermentation, the integrated process increased the final product concentration by 54% and the productivity by 130%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80009-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90125505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
Recovery of acetic acid and propionic acid from aqueous waste stream 废水中醋酸和丙酸的回收
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80014-6
M. N. Ingale, V. V. Mahajani
{"title":"Recovery of acetic acid and propionic acid from aqueous waste stream","authors":"M. N. Ingale, V. V. Mahajani","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80014-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80014-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"123-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86146823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Microscopic observation of filter cake formation 滤饼形成的显微观察
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80013-8
G. Chase, John F. Steffen, D. Ott
{"title":"Microscopic observation of filter cake formation","authors":"G. Chase, John F. Steffen, D. Ott","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80013-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80013-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"118-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75028770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Evaluation of kinetic parameters of crystallization from batch and continuous experiments 间歇和连续实验对结晶动力学参数的评价
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80001-4
T. Gutwald, A. Mersmann
{"title":"Evaluation of kinetic parameters of crystallization from batch and continuous experiments","authors":"T. Gutwald,&nbsp;A. Mersmann","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80001-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80001-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new method that determines kinetic parameters from crystallization experiments (either batch or continuous) on a consistent basis is proposed, thus making it possible to obtain parameter values from batch measurements for the design of continuous crystallizers. The method also resolves the uncertainties arising from the use of commercial particle counters with different degree of accuracy. Experimental data obtained from stirred vessels and fluidized bed crystallizers were found to support the method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 2-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80001-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79588411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Interrupted electroosmotic dewatering of clay suspensions 粘土悬浮液的间断电渗透脱水
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80004-9
H.R. Rabie, A.S. Mujumdar, M.E. Weber
{"title":"Interrupted electroosmotic dewatering of clay suspensions","authors":"H.R. Rabie,&nbsp;A.S. Mujumdar,&nbsp;M.E. Weber","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80004-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80004-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new method of electroosomotic dewatering with interrupted DC voltage or current was demonstrated. In this method the electrodes are short circuited during the periods of power interruption. Suspensions of Bentonite, kaolin and red clay were dewatered by electroosmotic dewatering using interruption with a short circuit, interruption with an open circuit and continuous DC. The suspension was held in a vertical 5-cm diameter column between two platinum-coated, titanium mesh electrodes, an upper anode, and a lower cathode. In the interrupted regimes the off-time ranged from 0.5–20 s with the on-time fixed at 30 s. The interrupted process with a short circuit was also applied at the end of a DC run when dewatering had stopped. Interruption with a short circuit applied during a 0.5 s off-time removed 20–40% more water than DC or interruption with an open circuit for equal energy consumption. Interruption with a short circuit at the end of a DC run removed additional water, but the total removal was less than if interruption with a short circuit were applied from the beginning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80004-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75769245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 63
DNA orientation during electrophoresis in a viscoelastic solution 粘弹性溶液中电泳过程中的DNA取向
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80006-5
Dong-Wook Chee, Young I. Cho, Keumnam Cho, Ponzy Lu
{"title":"DNA orientation during electrophoresis in a viscoelastic solution","authors":"Dong-Wook Chee,&nbsp;Young I. Cho,&nbsp;Keumnam Cho,&nbsp;Ponzy Lu","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80006-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80006-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the present study was to examine the possibility of using a viscoelastic (free) solution to separate DNA molecules. The electrophoretic orientation of λ DNA in an uncross-linked polyacrylamide solution was measured by a fluorescence-detected linear dichroism of bound ethidium bromide. The λ DNA molecules oriented almost parallel to the applied electric field direction during electrophoresis in a relatively low concentration of the polyacrylamide solution for a moderate electric field strength of 90 V/cm, and the extent of orientation increased with the field strength. The analogy between the DNA molecule and a thin cylindrical body in the polyacrylamide solution suggests that when one perfects the separation device, very large DNA molecules can be separated using a viscoelastic solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80006-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78643453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical simulation of unsteady continuous countercurrent adsorption system with nonlinear adsorption isotherm 非线性吸附等温线下非定常连续逆流吸附系统的数值模拟
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80002-2
M.M. Hassan, A.K.M.Shamsur Rahman, K.F. Loughlin
{"title":"Numerical simulation of unsteady continuous countercurrent adsorption system with nonlinear adsorption isotherm","authors":"M.M. Hassan,&nbsp;A.K.M.Shamsur Rahman,&nbsp;K.F. Loughlin","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80002-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80002-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A theoretical dispersed plug flow model that includes a mass-transfer resistance represented by a linear driving force approximation is developed for unsteady-state continuous countercurrent adsorption systems having nonlinear equilibrium isotherms. The model is solved from unsteady state to steady state using Danckwert's boundary conditions. The system consists of two sections having 11 adsorption columns. The model is used to investigate the effects of various process parameters on the performance of the system. It is demonstrated that as the nonlinearity changes, the optimal choice of bed length, feed and eluent flow rates, and switch times must be suitably adapted. The results are compared with the “pore diffusion” and “equilibrium” models of Morbidelli et al.<sup>14</sup> and are found to lie between these two models. To establish the consistency of the model the results are compared with one of the limiting asymptotes, namely, the linear isotherm with the experimental data of Ching and Ruthven<sup>12,13</sup> and are found to agree well.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80002-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87939152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
The adsorption of long-chain n-paraffin from isooctane solution on crystalline urea 异辛烷溶液中长链正石蜡在结晶尿素上的吸附
Separations Technology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0956-9618(94)80007-3
Neguib M. Hassan
{"title":"The adsorption of long-chain n-paraffin from isooctane solution on crystalline urea","authors":"Neguib M. Hassan","doi":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80007-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0956-9618(94)80007-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101160,"journal":{"name":"Separations Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 62-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0956-9618(94)80007-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89961939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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