CHAPTER 3:Low-Temperature Microwave Pyrolysis and Large Scale Microwave Applications

Pub Date : 2016-08-24 DOI:10.1039/9781782623632-00064
Jiajun Fan, V. Budarin, Mark J. Gronnow, J. Clark
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The following chapter discusses the potential uses of microwave technology in the low temperature decomposition of biologically derived materials and its application on both laboratory and commercial scales. In so doing, we examine the historic development of microwave technology from its origins (with Kassner in 1937) to the present day. The mechanism of microwave heating is examined, with specific attention given to dielectric losses and the dipolar polarisation mechanism, with further emphasis on the changing interaction of microwaves with increased material temperature. Further to this, the specific application of microwaves on the laboratory scale is reviewed with focus given to the microwave decomposition of the constituent components of biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) and real life examples, such as the decomposition of barley, wheat, wood, etc. The resulting decomposition materials and chemicals are reviewed, for example the production of levoglucosan and levoglucosenone from cellulose. Finally, consideration is given to current large scale commercial applications of microwave technology, looking at both 915 MHz and 2450 MHz applications, which include microwave drying, exfoliated vermiculite, chemical extraction and pasteurisation. Specific attention is given to large scale microwave activation of biomass for the production of bio-chars and bio-oils.
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第三章:低温微波热解及大规模微波应用
下一章讨论了微波技术在生物衍生材料低温分解中的潜在用途及其在实验室和商业规模上的应用。在此过程中,我们考察了微波技术从其起源(与卡斯纳在1937年)到现在的历史发展。研究了微波加热的机制,特别关注介质损耗和偶极极化机制,并进一步强调微波与材料温度升高的相互作用的变化。此外,回顾了微波在实验室规模上的具体应用,重点介绍了微波分解生物质(纤维素、半纤维素和木质素)的组成成分和现实生活中的例子,如大麦、小麦、木材等的分解。综述了由此产生的分解材料和化学物质,例如从纤维素中生产左旋葡聚糖和左旋葡酮。最后,考虑到目前微波技术的大规模商业应用,研究915 MHz和2450 MHz的应用,包括微波干燥,去皮蛭石,化学提取和巴氏杀菌。特别关注的是大规模微波活化生物质生产生物炭和生物油。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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