Insight Problem Solving Ability Predicts Reduced Susceptibility to Fake News, Bullshit, and Overclaiming.

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-25 DOI:10.1080/13546783.2022.2146191
Carola Salvi, Nathaniel Barr, Joseph E Dunsmoor, Jordan Grafman
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The information humans are exposed to has grown exponentially. This has placed increased demands upon our information selection strategies resulting in reduced fact-checking and critical-thinking time. Prior research shows that problem solving (traditionally measured using the Cognitive Reflection Test-CRT) negatively correlates with believing in false information. We argue that this result is specifically related to insight problem solving. Solutions via insight are the result of parallel processing, characterized by filtering external noise, and, unlike cognitively controlled thinking, it does not suffer from the cognitive overload associated with processing multiple sources of information. We administered the Compound Remote Associate Test (problems used to investigate insight problem solving) as well as the CRT, 20 fake and real news headlines, the bullshit, and overclaiming scales to a sample of 61 participants. Results show that insight problem solving predicts better identification of fake news and bullshit (over and above traditional measures i.e., the CRT), and is associated with reduced overclaiming. These results have implications for understanding individual differences in susceptibility to believing false information.

洞察问题解决能力预示着对假新闻、胡扯和夸大其词的敏感度降低。
人类接触到的信息呈指数级增长。这对我们的信息选择策略提出了更高的要求,从而减少了事实核查和批判性思考的时间。先前的研究表明,解决问题的能力(传统上用认知反射测试来衡量)与相信虚假信息呈负相关。我们认为,这一结果与洞察力解决问题特别相关。通过洞察的解决方案是并行处理的结果,其特点是过滤外部噪音,并且与认知控制思维不同,它不会遭受与处理多个信息源相关的认知过载。我们对61名参与者进行了复合远程关联测试(用于调查洞察力和解决问题的问题)以及CRT, 20个虚假和真实的新闻标题,扯淡和夸大的量表。结果表明,洞察力问题解决预测更好地识别假新闻和胡扯(超过传统的措施,即CRT),并与减少夸大有关。这些结果对理解个体对相信虚假信息的易感性差异具有启示意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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