'Exploration' in the open innovation front–end: the role of technologies

Abstract

The burgeoning discussion in open and collaborative innovation has revitalised fi rms' interest in purposive infl ows and outfl ows of knowledge. This questions our understanding of 'explorative innovation' and the role of technologies in explorative innovation search. This paper aims to enhance our conceptual understanding of 'explorative' innovation strategies. On the basis of a systematic literature review, we synthesise the existing literature on explorative innovation. We identify six groups of conceptualisations that refl ect the diverse perspective towards explorative innovation. These groups differ in terms of the level of analysis, the dominating theoretical perspectives, the underlying dimensions describing how fi rms explore and search, and the relevance of external and internal conditioning factors. Overall, we found that the role of technology in explorative search varies, and has slightly changed over time. We propose a multidimensional perspective towards exploration. We highlight that technologies may serve a range of functions in the fi rm's business model.