Alkylpyridines and Miscellaneous Organic Nitrogen Compounds

Abstract

This chapter covers additional aliphatic and aromatic compounds that contain one or more nitrogen atoms in their structures and follows those discussed in Chapter 59. Pyridine and its many modified structures are described because they serve as a backbone for many industrial compounds. Several pesticides and herbicides, as well as their precursors, are included: the pyridinethiones, the substituted uracils herbicides: bromacil, lenacil, terbacil; the quaternary herbicides: paraquat, diquat, and difenzoquat; the s-triazines: atrazine and propazine and other triazine herbicides, such as ametryn, prometryne, and simazine. Simple nitrogen compounds such as azides, nitrosamines, and hydrazines are described because of important toxicological effects they can produce. Finally, two important industrial solvents, dimethylacetamide and dimethylformamide are included because they have a long history of use and have been well studied in the occupational environment. Keywords: Alkylpyridines; Genetic toxicity; Herbicides; Aquatic toxicity; Nitrosamines; Hydrazines; Pesticides; Industrial solvents; Dimethlacetamide; Dimethylformamide