How Are Women Faring in the Bangladeshi Labour Market? Evidence from Labour Force Survey Data

South Asia Economic Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI:10.1177/13915614221108564

S. H. Bidisha, Avinno Faruk, Tanveer Mahmood

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Abstract

In Bangladesh, despite increased participation in the labour market in recent decades, women are still lagging behind men by a significant margin, with the former being concentrated chiefly in low-paid agriculture as well as in the lower stages of the occupational ladder. With the help of the latest labour market data of 2016–2017 coupled with 2011 census data, this article attempts to examine gender segregation through sectoral and occupational lenses. Our econometric estimation of different sectors (agriculture, manufacturing, construction and service) reflects the importance of gender-centric factors such as care burden and marital status along with local employment opportunities in constraining women’s labour market engagement. Besides, decomposition analysis highlights that unfavourable returns to endowments play a crucial role in females’ concentration in relatively low-productive sectors. Sectoral and occupational segregation indices reflect a high degree of segregation between men and women. Thus, against the backdrop of the concentration of women in low-skilled jobs and a low-productive sector, this article expects to provide important policy insights for boosting female employment in relatively high-productive sectors and high-paid occupations while utilizing the structural shift in the labour market of Bangladesh. JEL Classifications: J16, J21, J71, J62, C25, O53

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孟加拉国女性在劳动力市场的表现如何?来自劳动力调查数据的证据

在孟加拉国，尽管近几十年来妇女对劳动力市场的参与有所增加，但妇女仍然远远落后于男子，前者主要集中在低收入农业和职业阶梯的较低阶段。本文借助2016-2017年最新的劳动力市场数据以及2011年的人口普查数据，试图通过部门和职业的视角来审视性别隔离。我们对不同部门(农业、制造业、建筑业和服务业)的计量经济估计反映了以性别为中心的因素(如护理负担和婚姻状况)以及当地就业机会在限制女性劳动力市场参与方面的重要性。此外，分解分析强调，禀赋的不利回报对妇女集中在相对低生产率部门起着至关重要的作用。部门和职业隔离指数反映了男女之间的高度隔离。因此，在妇女集中从事低技能工作和低生产率部门的背景下，本文希望为促进妇女在相对高生产率部门和高收入职业的就业提供重要的政策见解，同时利用孟加拉国劳动力市场的结构性转变。JEL分类:J16, J21, J71, J62, C25, O53

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来源期刊

South Asia Economic Journal Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (all)

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The South Asian nations have progressively liberalized their economies in recent years in an effort to integrate with the world economy. They have also taken steps to enhance multilateral and regional economic integration. Even though the South Asian economies have grown at an average rate of more than 5 per cent over the last few years, roughly 40 per cent of their people still live below the poverty line. Hence, the South Asian region continues to face many challenges of economic and social development. The South Asia Economic Journal (SAEJ) is designed as a forum for informed debate on these issues, which are of vital importance to the people of the region who comprise one-sixth of the world’s population. The peer-reviewed journal is devoted to economic analysis and policy options aimed at promoting cooperation among the countries comprising South Asia. It also discusses South Asia’s position on global economic issues, its relations with other regional groupings and its response to global developments. We also welcome contributions to inter-disciplinary analysis on South Asia. As a refereed journal, SAEJ carries articles by scholars, economic commentators,policy-makers and officials, from both the private and public sectors. Our aim is to create a vibrant research space to explore the multidimensional economic issues of concern to scholars working on South Asia. Among the issues debated in relation to South Asia are: - the implications of global economic trends; - the issues and challenges by WTO; - approaches to industrialization and development; - the role of regional institutions such as the SAARC; - the relationship between SAARC and other regional economic groupings such as ASEAN; - the implications of economic liberalization for trade and investment in the region; - new initiatives that can be launched to enhance economic cooperation among the South Asian countries both on a bilateral and a regional basis.