Syndromes des loges

Abstract

The hallmark of any compartment syndrome, whether acute or chronic, is the elevation of soft tissue pressure within a closed space even if the primary event was different. Acute cases are most often trauma-related and can lead to irreversible neuromuscular dysfunction. They require immediate dermofasciotomy to decompress the soft tissue and avoid ischemia. The diagnosis should rely on physical examination and be confirmed by tissue pressure measurement. If not treated in time, they can result in major sequelae and even amputation. Chronic compartment syndromes are mostly exercise-induced and then mainly related to sport practice. Pressure measurements during provocative test are required to ascertain that exercise-related pain is due to a compartment syndrome. Percutaneous fasciotomy is necessary to alleviate symptoms.