Diverse Promotive Action of Pyridinecarboxylic Acids on Flowering in Ornamentals and Seedling Growth in Vegetable Crops

Pyridine Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI:10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75636
S. Satoh
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This chapter describes our recent findings on diverse biological effects of pyridinecarbox - ylic acids, both pyridine- di -carboxylic acids (PDCAs) and pyridine- mono -carboxylic acids (PCAs), on plant growth processes. PDCA analogs promoted flowering and extended dis - play time (vase life) of cut flowers of spray-type carnation. 2,3-PDCA and 2,4-PDCA were most active in the promotion. Apart from these actions, some of PDCAs and PCAs stimu - lated root and shoot growth of lettuce, carrot, and rice seedlings. Studies on structure– activity relationship of the chemicals showed that one of the most effective chemicals was pyridine-3-carboxylic acid. Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid is known as vitamin B3 (niacin) and safe for human and animals. These findings suggested the possibility to develop PDCAs and PCAs as novel flower-care agents as well as growth-promoting agents which will be used for vegetable cultivation. inhibited it in lettuce, carrot, and rice seedlings. We explored the promoting activities of 2,3-PDCA to other PDCA analogs and pyridine-mono-carboxylic acid (PCA) analogs. Also, we carried out a preliminary investigation on the possible biochemical and molecular mechanism of PDCA, mainly with 2,4-PDCA. This chapter describes the details of the effects of 2,4-PDCA and related chemicals on flower opening and display time in carna tion flowers, as well as the promotion of seedling growth in some agricultural crops. GA GA GA 3 in petals of opening flowers Os 2 reached Os 4–6 in 4 days in the control flowers. treatment accelerated flower opening, and all the treated flowers reached Os 4–6 in 2 days. We measured GA 3 content in the non-treated flowers at days 0–4 and found that the GA 3 level tended to be decreased in the course of flower opening. We also measured GA 3 content in 2,4-PDCA-treated flowers at day 1, when the treated flowers showed a significant increase in the number of open flowers. We observed a tendency that GA 3 content in the 2,4-PDCA-treated flowers was lower than that in the control. The GA 3 content in the control flowers was 48.5 ± 10.0 pmol·g −1 FW, whereas it was 26.6 ± 14.3 pmol·g −1 FW in the 2,4-PDCA-treated flowers. There was no significant difference between the control and the treated samples by t -test at P < 0.05. These results showed 2,4-PDCA increases the gene expression of the growth suppressor, GAI, and decreases the GA level, suggesting that GA signaling and action are altered by 2,4-PDCA treatment. such changes are contradictory to the enhancement of flower opening, which that 2,4-PDCA
吡啶羧酸对观赏植物开花和蔬菜幼苗生长的多种促进作用
本章描述了吡啶羧酸(PDCAs)和吡啶单羧酸(PCAs)在植物生长过程中多种生物效应的最新发现。PDCA类似物促进了喷雾型康乃馨切花的开花,并延长了插花的花瓶寿命。2,3- pdca和2,4- pdca的促进作用最为活跃。除上述作用外,部分PDCAs和PCAs还能促进生菜、胡萝卜和水稻幼苗的根和梢生长。对化学物质的构效关系研究表明,吡啶-3-羧酸是最有效的化学物质之一。吡啶-3-羧酸被称为维生素B3(烟酸),对人和动物都是安全的。这些结果提示了开发PDCAs和PCAs作为新型花卉护理剂和植物生长促进剂用于蔬菜栽培的可能性。在莴苣、胡萝卜和水稻幼苗中被抑制。研究了2,3-PDCA对其他PDCA类似物和吡啶-单羧酸(PCA)类似物的促进活性。并对其可能的生化和分子机制进行了初步探讨,主要以2,4-PDCA为主。本章详细介绍了2,4- pdca及其相关化学物质对康乃馨花卉开放和展示时间的影响,以及对一些农作物幼苗生长的促进作用。在对照花中,开放花s2的花瓣GA GA GA 3在4天内达到Os 4 - 6。处理加速了花的开放,处理后的花在2 d内全部达到6 ~ 6。在0 ~ 4 d对未处理花进行GA - 3含量测定,发现GA - 3含量在开花过程中呈下降趋势。我们还在第1天测量了2,4- pdca处理花中GA 3的含量,当处理花的开放数量显著增加时。我们观察到,在2,4- pdca处理的花中,GA - 3含量有低于对照的趋势。对照花GA 3含量为48.5±10.0 pmol·g−1 FW,而2,4- pdca处理花GA 3含量为26.6±14.3 pmol·g−1 FW。经t检验,对照组与处理组间差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。这些结果表明,2,4- pdca增加了生长抑制因子GAI的基因表达,降低了GA的水平,表明2,4- pdca处理改变了GA的信号传导和作用。这种变化与促进开花是相矛盾的,因为2,4- pdca是促进开花的有效途径
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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