Effects of Vitamin E in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy and Its Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of vitamin E in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy and the effects of vitamin E in Pregnancy Outcomes in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy. Study Design: Prospective Cohort Study Materials and Method Data source: A total of 1910 pregnant women visited to the OPD and admitted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University in Yunnan Province from June 2017 to May 2018 fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in our study group. Case selection: All the pregnant women between the ages 23 to 35 years were included in the study and were divided into four groups: Normal pregnant group, gestational hypertension group, Pre-eclampsia group, and severe Pre-eclampsia group. Control group: Normal pregnant women were included in this group. Statistical Method: This study was performed prospectively and collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0) using independent t-test, Pearson Chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA test. The P values considered significant at value P<0.05. The descriptive data were presented using frequency and percentage. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the effect of vitamin E in HDP and Pregnancy outcomes including PPH, HIE, Neonatal rescue and 1≤Apgar Score≤7. Results: 1. There was no statistically significant difference in the results of all studies on BMI, WOG in the third trimester, parity, and maternal age (P>0.05). 2. Analysis between the effect of vitamin E and Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy: 2.1.1. There was no significant difference between the hypertensive group and control group during pregnancy in vitamin E level (t=1.665 P=0.096) (P>0.05). 2.1.2. The difference between pre-eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia group was statistically significant in vitamin E level (t=27.692 P=0.000) (P<0.05). 2.2. Analysis between the effect of vitamin E levels and Hypertensive Disorders of pregnancy: 2.2.1. When vitamin E was excess, there was no significant difference between the control group, the gestational HTN group, pre-eclampsia group and severe pre-eclampsia group (X2 =0.164, P=0.983) (P>0.05). 2.2.2. When vitamin E was deficient, the difference between the control group and the hypertensive group during pregnancy was statistically significant (X2 =20.580, P=0.00) (P <0.05). 2.2.3. When vitamin E was deficient, there was no significant difference between the pre-eclampsia group and severe pre-eclampsia group (X2 =0.827, P=0.399) (P>0.05). 3. Effects of vitamin E in Pregnancy Outcomes in Hypertensive Disorders of pregnancy: When vitamin E level was deficient ： In Gestational Hypertension group there is 8.3% occurrence of PPH, 8.3% newborn has HIE. In pre-eclampsia group, there is 10% occurrence of PPH, 5% newborn has HIE, 5% newborn needed neonatal rescue and 5% newborn has 1≤Apgar Score≤7. In severe pre-eclampsia groups there is 5.7% occurrence of PPH, 5.7% newborn has HIE, 5.7% newborn needed neonatal rescue and 2.9% newborn has 1≤Apgar Score≤7. (X2 =2.325, P=0.887) (P> 0.05) There was no significant difference in the incidence of 1≤Apgar Score≤7 and Neonatal rescue between the pre-eclampsia and the severe pre-eclampsia. Conclusion: 1. Vitamin E contents are related to the hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. 2. Vitamin E deficiency is related to the occurrence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and has effects on maternal health and fetal outcomes. 3. Serum levels of vitamin E detection during pregnancy can help in the prediction of HOP; hence, it can help to reduce the risk of Pre-eclampsia.