Platelets Apoptosis and Clearance in The Presence of Sodium Octanoate during Storage of Platelet Concentrate at 4˚C

Abstract

Objective Platelet (PLT) storage at 4˚C has several benefits, however, it is accompanied by increased clearance of PLTs after transfusion. In this study, we evaluated the potential of sodium octanoate (SO) for reducing apoptosis and clearance rate of PLTs after long-term storage in cold. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, PLT concentrates (PCs) were stored for 5 days under the following three conditions: 20-24˚C, 4˚C, and 4˚C in the presence of SO. To measure the viability of PLTs, the water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was performed. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure was determined on PLTs using flow cytometry technique. The amount of human active caspase-3 was determined in PLTs using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, the amount of PLT ingestion or clearance was determined by using HepG2 cell line. Results The viability was higher in the SO-treated PLTs compared to the other groups. The level of PS exposure on PLTs was lower in the SO-treated PLTs compared to the other groups. The amount of active caspase-3 increased in all groups during 5-day storage. The highest increase in the amount of caspase-3 levels was observed at cold temperature. However, PLTs kept at 4˚C in the presence of SO had a lower amount of active caspase-3 compared to PLTs kept at 4˚C. The amount of PLTs removal by HepG2 cells was increased for 4˚C-kept PLTs but it was lower for PLTs kept at 4˚C in the presence of SO but, the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion SO could partially moderate the effects of cold temperature on apoptosis and viability of platelets. It also decreases the ingestion rate of long-time refrigerated PLTs in vitro. Further studies using higher numbers of samples are required to demonstrate the effect of SO on reducing the clearance rate of PLTs.