The Effect of Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig Seed Extract Cream on The Number of Fibroblast and Re-Epithelialization in IIA Degree Burn Wound Healing

Abstract

Burns require a recovery process that multiplies complex biological mechanisms including anti-inflammatory, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. X.granatum J.Koenig (XG) is a popular plant that grows in the mangrove forest Bali. Traditionally, this plant is used mainly for antiinflammation, dysentery, fever, skin emolliating, wound treatment, and abdominal problems. Flavonoids, tannins and saponins are active metabolites of this plant, which has antiinflammation, antioxidant and wound healing effects. IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α are pro-inflammatory cytokines that are involved in the pathophysiology of wound. Fibroblasts support granulation tissue synthesis, ECM production, and collagen synthesis. Re-epithelialization plays a role in wound closure. The aim of present study to evaluate the effectiveness XG extract seeds cream on burn wound grade IIA in mice. XG extract was evaluated for antioxidant activity by DPPH method. The two cream formulations were measured for physical quality for organoleptic, homogeneity, and pH. The wound healing activity of XG creams were evaluated from wound contraction, histological analysis of fibroblast proliferation and re-epithelialization in mice. Statistical analyses were performed with post hoc Tukey using analysis of variance and were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS, Version 26). XG extract has a very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 7,939 ppm. The preparation of XG extract cream has homogeneous and pH of 6,5. The treatment with XGC 15% promote significant increases in wound contraction rate, proliferation of fibroblasts and re-epithelialization with SSD (p>0,05). These results suggest that XGC 15% is effective in wound healing in mice by increasing wound contraction rate, proliferation of fibroblasts and re-epithelialization.