Open and Distance Learning (ODL) : Traditional or Frugal Innovation?

IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS

Contemporary Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI:10.5709/ce.1897-9254.497

M. Okano, Henry de Castro Lobo dos Santos, E. Ursini, M. Fernandes, Jaqueline Geisa Cunha Gomes

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

New information and communication technologies (ICTs) are contributing to the advancement and popularization of distance learning, and its use by educational institutions is accelerating. Some characteristics of distance learning are remarkable, such as its quantity, scalability, ability to serve many students at the same time, scope, lower costs, and so on. Some of these characteristics refer to a type of innovation called frugal, which is the ability to "do better with fewer resources for more people", that is, create significantly more value and minimize the use of resources. The objective of this research was to analyze the characteristics of distance learning through the theoretical lens of frugal innovation using the conceptual model of frugal innovation. The characteristics listed in the Rossetto model were researched qualitatively and quantitatively to obtain a solid conclusion, as this model uses a scale to identify and measure frugal innovation. The Rossetto model was developed and tested using the results of five collections of data from three different countries (Brazil, the United States of America, and India), with the entire development and refinement processes being subjected to an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The final validation of the scale was based on data from 1130 companies. The mixed (qualitative and quantitative) methodological procedures were used to analyze the data obtained from the field research. The qualitative analysis consisted of verifying the characteristics of frugal innovation through Rossetto's conceptual model, and exploratory factor analysis was chosen for the quantitative analysis. Ten of the characteristics of the model sought, analyzed in three dimensions, identified, and strongly indicated that ODL can be considered as a frugal innovation, convincing and confirming that ODL has as main characteristics of the FI such as cost reduction, focus on essential functionalities and improved performance in relation to face-to-face teaching and thus, highlighting that the main value created is to do better with fewer resources than traditional teaching for a greater number of students served.

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开放式远程教育:传统创新还是节俭创新?

新型信息通信技术促进了远程教育的发展和普及，教育机构对远程教育的应用正在加快。远程教育的一些特点是显著的，如它的数量、可扩展性、同时为许多学生服务的能力、范围、较低的成本等。其中一些特征涉及一种被称为节俭的创新，这是一种“用更少的资源为更多人做得更好”的能力，即创造更多的价值，最大限度地减少资源的使用。本研究的目的是运用节俭创新的概念模型，通过节俭创新的理论视角来分析远程教育的特征。通过对Rossetto模型中列出的特征进行定性和定量研究，得出了一个可靠的结论，因为该模型使用了一个尺度来识别和衡量节俭型创新。rossettto模型是利用来自三个不同国家(巴西、美国和印度)的五组数据的结果开发和测试的，整个开发和改进过程都经过探索性因素分析(EFA)和验证性因素分析(CFA)。该量表的最终验证基于来自1130家公司的数据。采用混合(定性和定量)的方法程序来分析从实地调查中获得的数据。定性分析采用Rossetto概念模型验证节俭型创新的特征，定量分析采用探索性因子分析。该模型的十个特征，在三个维度上进行了分析，确定并强烈表明，ODL可以被认为是一种节俭的创新，令人信服并确认ODL具有FI的主要特征，如降低成本，关注基本功能和改善面对面教学的性能，因此，强调所创造的主要价值是用比传统教学更少的资源为更多的学生提供更好的服务。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Contemporary Economics ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

9.50%

发文量

审稿时长

24 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Contemporary Economics is to publish advanced theoretical and empirical research in economics, finance, accounting and management with the noticeable contribution and impact to the development of those disciplines and preferably with practice relevancies. All entirety of methods is desirable, including a falsification of conventional understanding, theory building through inductive or qualitative research, first empirical testing of a theory, meta-analysis with theoretical implications, constructive replication that clarifies the boundaries or range of a theory for theoretical research as well as qualitative, quantitative, field, laboratory, meta-analytic, and combination for an empirical research. This clear priority for comprehensive manuscripts containing a methodology-based theoretical and empirical research with implications and recommendations for policymaking does not exclude manuscripts entirely focused on theory or methodology. Manuscripts that raise significant, actual topics of international relevance will be highly appreciated. The interdisciplinary approach including – besides economic, financial, accounting or managerial –also other aspects, is welcomed.