Formation of optimal quantitative and qualitative indicators of livestock raw materials through the use of new feed additives

Abstract

Aim. Study of the influence of new feed additives on the formation of productivity and quality characteristics in the production of various types of raw materials of animal origin. Material and Methods. Zootechnical, biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used in the course of research. The obtained digital material was processed using method of variation statistics, considering the Student-t validation criteria, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. As a result of the research, the effectiveness of the use of new feed additives "CoreMix" and "Vitazar" in fattening Kalmyk young bulls has been proved. Over the period of the experiment, the absolute increase in live weight of animals of the I and II experimental groups, who received the tested feed additives, exceeded the control by 8.9 and 18.5 kg, while the feed consumption per 1 kg of the increase in live weight decreased by 0.4 and 0.7 EKE, profit from sales per head was higher by 696 and 1,690 rubles, and the level of profitability increased by 3.1 and 8.2%. The study of the regularities of the formation of beef obtained from young bulls of the Aberdeen Angus breed, when using the new probiotic supplement "Rodafen" in their diets, showed that at the end of feeding, at the age of 18 months, the pre-slaughter body weight in the control group was 463.9 ± 3.29 kg, whereas in the experimental groups that received the test supplement in different doses, this indicator was significantly higher by 3.7%, 4.7% and 3.9%, respectively. For the purposeful in vivo formation of optimal quality indicators of beef obtained from young bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed, the efficiency of using extruded feed from insects of the Locusta migratoria (ELM) species has been proven. More heavy carcasses were obtained from the young bulls of the experimental group in comparison with their peers from the control group: the superiority in terms of pre-slaughter live weight was 5.8 kg, or 1.41% (P <0.05), in terms of the weight of a fresh carcass – 5.6 kg, or 2.75% (P<0.05). In terms of slaughter weight, the young bulls of the experimental group exceeded the control by 5.4 kg, or 2.53% (P <0.05). In order to increase the energy of growth and meat productivity of the Simmental young bulls, the expediency of using new feed additives "Valopro" and "Ruprokol" has been proved. The introduction of these feed additives into the diet during the rearing period made it possible to obtain a live weight of 439 kg, one kilogram of which contains 403 g of muscle tissue and 429 g of edible parts of the carcass, which is 5-9% higher than in the control. It has been experimentally proven that when fattening large white pigs up to 100 and 120 kg of live weight, it is necessary to maintain the amino acid content at an optimal level by introducing synthetic amino acids, which provides an increase in live weight gain and a decrease in the age of fattening. For the purpose of the intravital formation of high-quality mutton obtained from the Edilbaev breed of rams in the arid Trans-Volga region, the expediency of using a new feed additive containing organic iodine, selenium and silicon in the diets of young sheep has been proven. To improve the quality of rabbit meat, the expediency of using new feed additives based on antioxidants and organic acids has been proven. Conclusion. The expediency of using new feed additives in the production of beef, pork, lamb and rabbit meat has been proven. The use of the proposed feed additives had a positive effect on the feed intake and digestibility of feed, the formation of optimal quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the raw materials obtained, and an increase in the profitability of production.