Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activities of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. extracts against Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium

Abstract

Finding naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds with little danger to human health is essential since microorganisms are growing more and more resistant to antibiotics. This work evaluated ethanolic extracts of Avicennia marina (A.marina) leaves, roots, and fruits for their antibacterial efficacy against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF). The ethanolic extraction method was used to obtain the plant extracts. On VREF, the agar well diffusion method was utilized to test the extracts' antibacterial efficacy. On the other hand, the agar disk diffusion method was employed to examine the antibacterial effectiveness of antibiotics. For A.marina extracts, the inhibitory zone in the leaf was approximately 14.5 mm, whereas the leaf extract (Conc. 50%) had a less significant effect (10.5 mm). According to a phytochemical study, flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenes, and glycosides were found in A. marina leaf, fruit, and root extracts. Using liquid chromatography ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-IT-MS), A.marina was discovered to be a potential source of bioactive compounds with high medicinal value.