Frameworks of gambling harms: a comparative review and synthesis

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
V. Marionneau, M. Egerer, S. Raisamo
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Abstract Background A public health approach to gambling has been accompanied by a wide understanding of gambling harms. This has led to the creation of conceptual frameworks to understand and itemize different gambling-related harms, dimensions of harms, and subjects of harms. The current paper presents a comparative review and synthesis of existing harm frameworks. Method Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature review on existing harm frameworks in five scientific databases across the years 2000–2021. We included studies that aimed at creating a conceptual framework or synthesis of different level gambling harms at a population level. The final sample consists of seven papers that present four different models. Results Gambling-related harms span health, psychological, relationship, financial, cultural, work, and crime-related issues. Harms accrue to individuals (heavy gamblers, non-problem gamblers and nongamblers), but also to families, communities, and societies. Harms form a spectrum in terms of severity and temporality. Risk factors or determinants of gambling are often similar to the harmful consequences of gambling. Conclusions The results are discussed in terms of gaps in current understanding of gambling harms, including increased communication between models, increased focus on severity levels and issues of causality, and a better incorporation of harms that stem from gambling provision rather than harmful gambling consumption. We conclude that framing harms as consequences of individual behavior remains predominant, and a shift of focus to the social and commercial determinants of gambling harms is needed. This also includes the development of societal level harm screening.
赌博危害的框架:比较回顾和综合
摘要背景:随着人们对赌博危害的广泛认识,人们开始从公共卫生的角度来看待赌博。这导致了概念框架的创建,以理解和逐项列出不同的赌博相关危害、危害的维度和危害的主体。本文对现有的危害框架进行了比较回顾和综合。方法根据PRISMA指南,我们对2000-2021年间五个科学数据库中现有的危害框架进行了系统的文献综述。我们纳入的研究旨在建立一个概念框架,或在人口水平上综合不同程度的赌博危害。最后的样本包括七篇论文,它们提出了四种不同的模型。结果与赌博有关的危害包括健康、心理、人际关系、经济、文化、工作和与犯罪有关的问题。危害不仅对个人(重度赌徒、非问题赌徒和非赌徒),而且对家庭、社区和社会也有影响。危害在严重性和时效性方面形成了一个范围。赌博的危险因素或决定因素往往与赌博的有害后果相似。研究结果讨论了目前对赌博危害的理解差距,包括增加模型之间的沟通,增加对严重程度和因果关系问题的关注,以及更好地纳入赌博提供而不是有害赌博消费的危害。我们得出的结论是,将危害作为个人行为的后果仍然占主导地位,并且需要将重点转移到赌博危害的社会和商业决定因素上。这也包括发展社会层面的危害筛查。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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