Saving People as A Factor of Sustainable Socio-Economic Development of Russian Regions (on the Example of The Central Federal District)

Abstract

Purpose of the study. To establish the specifics of the situation in the field of saving people in the regions of the Central Federal District, to identify the compliance of the state socio-economic policy with the real state of saving people in the regions of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. In the process of preparing the article, the authors used the materials of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Territorial State Statistics Service for the Orel region, the works of individual scientists and public organizations on the problems of saving people. In the course of the work, statistical research methods were used: tabular and graphical methods, analysis of dynamics’ series indexes, the grouping method.Results. The dynamics of the population in 1990-2021 was studied in the context of the federal districts of the country, including the regions of the Central Federal District, depending on individual factors (natural, mechanical movement). The study of the population in the regions of the Central Federal District showed that for the period 1990-2021, a decrease in the population was found in all regions of the Central Federal District (except Belgorodskaya, Moscow regions and Moscow). The rural population is decreasing at the fastest pace: mortality rates significantly exceed fertility rates in rural areas, the share of the working-age population is decreasing, and the share of the population older than working age is increasing.Conclusion. The problem of saving people is urgent and requires the development of an effective system for managing the quality of life of the population and regulating demographic processes in the regions of the Central Federal District: Vladimirskaya, Tverskaya, Orlovskaya, Smolenskaya, Tulskaya, Ivanovskaya; in which the decrease in population is associated with natural factors: the mortality rate significantly exceeds the birth rate. It is advisable to form regional programs to improve the organization of healthcare in the following areas: Vladimirskaya, Kalugskaya, Ivanovskaya, Orlovskaya, Tverskaya, Yaroslavskaya. To manage migration processes, reduce the labor shortage in accordance with the needs of the region’s economy, create jobs and conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, improve the quality of life of the population, develop appropriate programs in the following areas: Vladimirskaya, Orovskayal, Smolenskaya, Tambovskaya, Tverskaya.