Determination of Multidrug Resistance and Extended Drug Resistance Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Clinical Isolates of Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a major public health community-acquired threat around the globe due to the growing rate of antimicrobial resistance. It is one of the most common trending causes of nosocomial infections. Objective: The current study aimed to check the rate of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended drug-resistant (XDR) PA and to analyze the invitro activity of different antimicrobial agents against clinically isolated bacterial samples. Molecular Detection and amplification of L lipoprotein (OprL gene) were also done to determine the frequency and species of different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA2192, C3719, PA01, PA14 and PACS2). Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at at the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore. Total 140 patients were included in the study. Biochemical characterization, molecular identification, antimicrobial susceptibility profiling and DNA sequencing of the desired gene were done to confirm different strains' identification. Results: MDR and XDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection are more common among males 81(57.5%) and high among the 31-45 age group, i.e., 55 (39.3%). After antibiotic susceptibility testing, 60% of strains were found to be MDR PA, while 40% were categorized as XDR PA. Doripenem showed the highest sensitivity, 93 (66.4%) among all carbapenems. Polymyxin B showed the highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa multi and extensively drug-resistant strains, i.e., 108 (77.1%). Conclusion: The present study suggests that doripenem can be the only active agent for combating infections, and the Carbapenem drug appears effective against highly resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.