Transport and extraction in Zeus displays

Abstract

In a Zeus display hopping electrons are transported through channels with extraction holes. If a sufficient transport field is applied, the electrons hop low and leakage through the holes is negligible. The electrons can be extracted from the channel by applying a positive voltage pulse to an extraction electrode. With sufficient pulse amplitude the extraction efficiency is 100 %, independent of small variations in material properties, which enables the creation of uniform images. Experiments on a model transport channel confirm the mechanisms behind transport and extraction.