{"title":"Ecological effects of produced water effluents from offshore oil and gas production platforms","authors":"Brian S. Middleditch","doi":"10.1016/0302-184X(84)90003-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The literature pertaining to the composition of produced waters and the fates and effects of these effluents in the marine environment has been reviewed. Discussions of lethal and sublethal effects have been complemented by considerations of data relating to crude oils, petroleum products, and individual constituents.</p><p>Two distinct strategies have been employed in attempts at discerning the ecological effects of produced water effluents: predictive and observational. The predictive approach involves determining the composition of the effluents and considering the toxicities of individual components in an attempt to deduce the overall toxicity of the effluent. The observational approach, although site-specific, provides direct and unequivocal information relating to ‘real-world’ effects.</p><p>By combining both the predictive approach and the observational approach, it can be concluded with a high degree of confidence that current practises for the disposal of produced waters are ecologically sound.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100979,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Management","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 191-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1984-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0302-184X(84)90003-9","citationCount":"35","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ocean Management","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0302184X84900039","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
Abstract
The literature pertaining to the composition of produced waters and the fates and effects of these effluents in the marine environment has been reviewed. Discussions of lethal and sublethal effects have been complemented by considerations of data relating to crude oils, petroleum products, and individual constituents.
Two distinct strategies have been employed in attempts at discerning the ecological effects of produced water effluents: predictive and observational. The predictive approach involves determining the composition of the effluents and considering the toxicities of individual components in an attempt to deduce the overall toxicity of the effluent. The observational approach, although site-specific, provides direct and unequivocal information relating to ‘real-world’ effects.
By combining both the predictive approach and the observational approach, it can be concluded with a high degree of confidence that current practises for the disposal of produced waters are ecologically sound.
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