Ductile Deformation of the Lithospheric Mantle

IF 11.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
J. Warren, L. Hansen
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The strength of lithospheric plates is a central component of plate tectonics, governed by brittle processes in the shallow portion of the plate and ductile behavior in the deeper portion. We review experimental constraints on ductile deformation of olivine, the main mineral in the upper mantle and thus the lithosphere. Olivine deforms by four major mechanisms: low-temperature plasticity, dislocation creep, dislocation-accommodated grain-boundary sliding (GBS), and diffusion-accommodated grain-boundary sliding (diffusion creep). Deformation in most of the lithosphere is dominated by GBS, except in shear zones—in which diffusion creep dominates—and in the brittle-ductile transition—in which low-temperature plasticity may dominate. We find that observations from naturally deformed rocks are consistent with extrapolation of the experimentally constrained olivine flow laws to geological conditions but that geophysical observations predict a weaker lithosphere. The causes of this discrepancy are unresolved but likely reside in the uncertainty surrounding processes in the brittle-ductile transition, at which the lithosphere is strongest. ▪ Ductile deformation of the lithospheric mantle is constrained by experimental data for olivine. ▪ Olivine deforms by four major mechanisms: low-temperature plasticity, dislocation creep, dislocation-accommodated grain-boundary sliding, and diffusion creep. ▪ Observations of naturally deformed rocks are consistent with extrapolation of olivine flow laws from experimental conditions. ▪ Experiments predict stronger lithosphere than geophysical observations, likely due to gaps in constraints on deformation in the brittle-ductile transition. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 51 is May 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
岩石圈地幔的韧性变形
岩石圈板块的强度是板块构造的核心组成部分,由板块浅部的脆性过程和较深部分的延展性行为决定。我们回顾了上地幔和岩石圈的主要矿物橄榄石的韧性变形的实验约束。橄榄石的变形主要有四种机制:低温塑性、位错蠕变、位错调节晶界滑动(GBS)和扩散调节晶界滑动(扩散蠕变)。岩石圈的大部分变形都是由GBS控制的,除了剪切带(以扩散蠕变为主)和脆性-韧性过渡区(以低温塑性为主)。我们发现自然变形岩石的观测结果与实验约束橄榄石流动规律对地质条件的外推一致,但地球物理观测预测岩石圈较弱。这种差异的原因尚未解决,但可能存在于脆性-韧性转变过程的不确定性,岩石圈在脆性-韧性转变过程中最强。▪岩石圈地幔的韧性变形受到橄榄石实验数据的限制。▪橄榄石的变形有四种主要机制:低温塑性、位错蠕变、位错调节晶界滑动和扩散蠕变。▪对自然变形岩石的观察与根据实验条件推断的橄榄石流动规律是一致的。实验预测岩石圈比地球物理观测更强,可能是由于脆性-韧性转变中变形约束的差距。《地球与行星科学年鉴》第51卷的最终在线出版日期预计为2023年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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来源期刊
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 地学天文-地球科学综合
CiteScore
25.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: Since its establishment in 1973, the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences has been dedicated to providing comprehensive coverage of advancements in the field. This esteemed publication examines various aspects of earth and planetary sciences, encompassing climate, environment, geological hazards, planet formation, and the evolution of life. To ensure wider accessibility, the latest volume of the journal has transitioned from a gated model to open access through the Subscribe to Open program by Annual Reviews. Consequently, all articles published in this volume are now available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
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