Evaluation of the Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Fruit of False Yam (Icacina senegalensis) and African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum)

Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI:10.9734/aprj/2023/v11i1203

K. Ekwealor, C. F. Iroka, U. P. Nwaogaranya, Clara Ikegbunam, V. Njom

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Abstract

The biochemical composition of the seed, fruit-pulp and fruit-skin of false yam and African star apple was carried out in this study using standard techniques. The result of the mean phytochemical composition of Icacina senegalensis and Chrysophyllum albidum fruits revealed higher composition of tannin in the pulp, seed of I. senegalensis, while alkaloid and flavonoid was higher in composition in the pulp (24.22±0.141mg/100g and 16.53±0.021mg/100g), seed (25.35± 0.021mg/100g and 18.27±0.014mg/100g)and bark (24.62±0.085mg/100g and 16.94± 0.035 mg/100g) of Chrysophyllum albidum. The results were significantly different at p<0.05. The result of the percentage proximate composition of Icacina senegalensis and Chrysophyllum albidum fruits revealed higher percentage composition of carbohydrate in the pulp (51.52±0.127% and 57.02±0.141%), seed (52.42±0.085% and 56.1±0.198%) and bark (54.89±0.092% and 58.02±0.113%) of I. senegalensis and C. albidum. The result revealed high percentage composition of fat in the pulp (26.33±0.028% and 9.63±0.028%), seed (25.69±0.014% and 10.24±0.035%) and bark (23.14±0.028% and 9.28±0.071%) of I. senegalensis and C. albidum respectively. Moisture content was also high in the pulp (12.37±0.014% and 8.35±0.042%), seed (11.45±0.021% and 7.36±0.042%) and bark (11.13±0.014% and 5.23±0.028%) of I. senegalensis and C. albidum respectively. The result of the mean mineral composition of Icacina senegalensis and Chrysophyllum albidum fruits revealed high composition of calcium in the pulp, seed and bark of I. senegalensis and C. albidum respectively. The result also revealed high composition of magnesium in the pulp, seed and bark of I. senegalensis and C. albidum. The results from this work suggest that Icacina senegalensis and Chrysophyllum albidum may find their use in food/feed formulation/supplementation as well as nutraceutical/medicinal and industrial uses.

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假山药(Icacina senegalensis)和非洲星苹果(Chrysophyllum albidum)果实的植物化学成分和近似成分的评价

采用标准技术对山药和非洲星苹果的种子、果肉和果皮的生化成分进行了研究。结果表明，雪莲果和白杨果实中单宁含量较高，果肉(24.22±0.141mg/100g和16.53±0.021mg/100g)、种子(25.35±0.021mg/100g和18.27±0.014mg/100g)和树皮(24.62±0.085mg/100g和16.94±0.035 mg/100g)中生物碱和类黄酮含量较高。结果差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结果表明，两种植物果实的碳水化合物含量分别为51.52±0.127%和57.02±0.141%，种子分别为52.42±0.085%和56.1±0.198%，树皮分别为54.89±0.092%和58.02±0.113%。结果表明，两种植物的果肉(26.33±0.028%和9.63±0.028%)、种子(25.69±0.014%和10.24±0.035%)和树皮(23.14±0.028%和9.28±0.071%)的脂肪含量较高。其中果肉(12.37±0.014%和8.35±0.042%)、种子(11.45±0.021%和7.36±0.042%)和树皮(11.13±0.014%和5.23±0.028%)的水分含量也较高。结果表明，塞纳加尔纳和白杨果实的平均矿物成分分别在果肉、种子和树皮中具有较高的钙含量。结果还表明，senegalensis和albidum的果肉、种子和树皮中镁的含量较高。这项工作的结果表明，塞内加尔Icacina senegalensis和albidium Chrysophyllum albidum可能在食品/饲料配方/补充以及营养保健/医药和工业用途中找到它们的用途。

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Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research

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