Message from the SUN on 28th August 1859

Abstract

The great 1859 spectral auroral event affecting the Earth which also showed the link between the magnetic effect and the electrical effect is explained as the ‘Message from the SUN 28th August 1859'. The Northern and Southern Lights are caused by the solar IMF. Gill’s Electronic Theory of Magnetism 1964 shows how the solar IMF on approaching the magnetosphere of the Earth splits into its negative and positive electric energy components which head for the opposite magnetic poles of the Earth to cause the equally bright Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis. Why these Northern and Southern lights do not reach all the way to the magnetic poles of the Earth and why they are brighter on the night side will be explained with illustrations. Kristian Birkeland’s 1900-1916 ‘terrella’ experiments are further explained.  The solar source of the essential electrical seeding of the magnetic poles of the Earth for the functioning of the geomagnetic dynamo of the Earth to create its magnetosphere is shown. Some applications to harness this solar electrical energy reaching the Earth are presented and dot product equations are presented to support these applications without any need of Henrik Lorentz’s 1893 cross products. Gill’s electronic theory of magnetism 1964 explains all the above and should replace Maxwell’s pre-existing dipole theory of magnetism 1873.