Major histocompatibility complex: history of discovery, evolution, structure, significance in transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells

Abstract

Aim. To reveal the significance of the major histocompatibility complex and the human leukocyte antigen evolutionary divergence in transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. The article traces the evolution of the major histocompatibility complex and discusses the reasons for its formation on the example of the recognition system of invertebrates, plants, jawed vertebrates and humans. The concepts of immunopeptidome and human leukocyte antigen evolutionary divergence have been defined; and the data on their impact on the therapy outcomes in patients with hemoblastosis have been presented. The impact of the major histocompatibility complex incompatibility on transplantation outcomes has been disclosed.