Functional state of mitochondria in chronic respiratory diseases

Abstract

Introduction. Chronic respiratory diseases are one of the most common types of non-communicable diseases and are an important problem of our time. The induction of oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and hypoxia, which underlie the pathogenesis of chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, can be determined at the cellular and molecular level by impaired mitochondrial functioning.Aim. This review is devoted to the prospects for assessing the functional state of mitochondria as a fine indicator of the course of chronic respiratory diseases.Results. The data of domestic and foreign sources on the most important parameters of mitochondrial functioning in normal and chronic bronchopulmonary pathology were analyzed. It has been shown that mitochondria are highly sensitive to changes in both exogenous and endogenous homeostasis. Functional parameters of mitochondria, the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes can be used as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for chronic respiratory diseases. The data presented in the review indicate the need for further studies of the functional state of mitochondria in chronic bronchopulmonary pathology.