Overview of development of an anti-attractant based technology for spruce protection against Ips typographus: From past failures to future success

R. Jakuš, F. Schlyter, Q.-H. Zhang, M. Blaženec, R. Vaverčák, W. Grodzki, D. Brutovský, E. Lajzová, M. Turčáni, M. Bengtsson, Z. Blum, J.-C. Gregoiré
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引用次数: 41

Abstract

We describe a series of experiments on the protection of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) logs and standing trees against Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The tested protective materials were applied 1) at point sources and 2) area-covering using zeolite-based dispensers. We performed 11 terrestrial and one aerial application (using a helicopter) between 1992 and 2001. We gradually replaced polyethylene-bag verbenone dispensers by composite dispensers releasing verbenone and non-host volatiles (NHV: green leaf volatiles, trans-conophthorin, and C8-alcohols). Many experiments did not give statistically significant results, due to the low number of true replicates and the spatial heterogeneity of beetle attacks. The protection of horizontal objects like logs or lying trees with anti-attractants was not always successful. In the future, positive results can be expected with an area covering spray applied by zeolite dispensers containing mixtures of verbenone and NHV. A similar approach could probably be used in aerial spraying of anti-attractants.

We have succeeded in our attempt to protect zones of standing spruce trees from I. typographus attacks. We used dispensers with a combination of verbenone and a full blend of NHV compounds. The protection is not complete, but in both 2000 and 2001, the treatment significantly decreased the probability of the insect attack on trees by 60–80 %.

基于防引诱剂的云杉防Ips印刷技术的发展综述:从过去的失败到未来的成功
我们介绍了一系列保护挪威云杉(Picea abies(L.)Karst.)的实验原木和直立的树木对抗Ips printinus L.(鞘翅目:Scolytidae)。测试的保护材料1)应用于点源,2)使用基于沸石的分配器进行区域覆盖。在1992年至2001年期间,我们进行了11次地面和一次空中应用(使用直升机)。我们逐渐用释放马鞭烯酮和非宿主挥发物(NHV:绿叶挥发物、反式conophthorin和C8醇)的复合分配器取代了聚乙烯袋马鞭烯醇分配器。由于真实重复次数少和甲虫攻击的空间异质性,许多实验没有给出统计上显著的结果。用防引诱剂保护原木或倒下的树等水平物体并不总是成功的。在未来,通过含有马鞭烯酮和NHV混合物的沸石分配器应用的区域覆盖喷雾可以预期积极的结果。类似的方法可能也可以用于空中喷洒抗引诱剂。我们已经成功地保护了直立的云杉树区域免受I.印刷攻击。我们使用了马鞭草酮和全混合NHV化合物的分配器。保护措施还不完全,但在2000年和2001年,这种处理显著降低了昆虫袭击树木的可能性60-80 %.
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