Fluid balance

Abstract

This chapter will tell you how surgery affects fluid balance and how the body controls fluids. Fluid compartments in the body and the nature of fluids are described. Disorders of fluid balance, the use of fluids to restore blood volume, and extra cellular fluid volume are all discussed. Management of fluid deficit, fluid overload, and pulmonary oedema and how to correct electrolyte balance are all clearly set out. Recommendations for fluids after different types of surgery and fluids for patients with renal and cardiac failure are given.