EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN AND LIPID LEVELS ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF BLUNT SNOUT BREAM (MEGALOBRAMA AMBLYCEPHALA) YEARLINGS

Jiang Yang
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Abstract

A 3×3 factorial design was used to determine effect of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance and body composition of blunt snout bream yearlings(average initial weight of 50.37±1.27 g).Nine experimental diets were formulated to contain three protein levels(25%,30% and 35%),each of which had three lipid levels(3%,6% and 9%).Fish were held in floating cages(2 m×1 m×1 m) and fed three times daily for 8 weeks.No interaction between dietary protein and lipid existed for growth performance and body composition(P0.05).No significant difference(P0.05) was observed in survival rate among all the treatments.Weight gain(WG),specific growth rate(SGR) and feed conversion ratio(FCR) were significantly influenced by both dietary protein(P0.05) and lipid levels(P0.05).WG and SGR of fish fed with 25% protein were significantly(P0.05) lower than that of the other groups;whereas,the opposite was true for fish fed with 6% lipid(P0.01).Although the lowest FCR was found in fish fed with 35% protein and 6% lipid,no significant difference(P0.05) was observed among the other treatments except for that of fish fed with 25% protein + 3% lipid and 25% protein + 9% lipid.Protein efficiency ratio(PER) and nitrogen retention efficiency decreased significantly with increasing dietary protein levels(P0.05).In addition,PER was significantly(P0.05) affected by dietary lipid level with the highest observed in fish fed with 6% lipid.Energy retention efficiency increased significantly as dietary lipid levels increased(P0.05).Condition factor improved significantly(P0.05) as dietary protein and lipid levels both increased.Intraperitoneal fat ratio and hepatosomatic index increased significantly(P0.05) as dietary lipid levels increased.No significant difference(P0.05) was observed in body composition among all the treatments at different dietary protein levels.Moisture,lipid and energy contents of whole-body were significantly(P0.01) affected by dietary lipid levels.Contrary to moisture content,lipid and energy contents of whole-body in-creased significantly(P0.01) with increasing lipid level.Similar results were also observed in carcass and liver composition.The results of this study indicated that diet containing 30% protein and 6% lipid with a protein to energy ratio of 18.21 g/MJ was suitable for blunt snout bream yearlings.
不同蛋白质和脂肪水平对钝口鲷生长性能和体组成的影响
采用3×3因子设计,研究饲粮蛋白质和脂肪水平对平均初始体重为50.37±1.27 g的鳙鱼生长性能和体组成的影响。配制9种试验饲粮,蛋白质水平分别为25%、30%和35%,脂肪水平分别为3%、6%和9%。鱼被饲养在浮动网箱(2 m×1 m×1 m)中,每天投喂三次,持续8周。饲粮蛋白质和脂肪对生长性能和体组成不存在交互作用(P0.05)。各组患者的生存率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。饲粮蛋白质(P0.05)和脂肪水平对增重(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)和饲料系数(FCR)均有显著影响。25%蛋白质组的WG和SGR极显著(P0.05)低于其他各组,6%脂肪组的WG和SGR极显著(P0.01)低于其他各组。35%蛋白质组和6%脂肪组的饲料效率最低,但除25%蛋白质+ 3%脂肪组和25%蛋白质+ 9%脂肪组外,其余各组间均无显著差异(P0.05)。蛋白质效率和氮沉积效率随饲粮蛋白质水平的升高而显著降低(P0.05)。此外,饲料脂肪水平显著影响PER (P0.05),以饲料脂肪水平为6%时最高。随着饲粮脂肪水平的升高,能量保留效率显著提高(P0.05)。随着饲粮蛋白质和脂肪水平的升高,条件因子显著提高(P0.05)。随着饲粮脂肪水平的升高,腹腔脂肪比和肝体指数显著升高(P0.05)。饲粮蛋白质水平不同,体组成差异不显著(P0.05)。饲粮脂肪水平对全鱼水分、脂肪和能量含量影响极显著(P0.01)。与水分含量相反,全鱼脂肪和能量含量随着脂肪水平的升高而显著升高(P0.01)。在胴体和肝脏组成方面也观察到类似的结果。本试验结果表明,粗口鲷仔鱼适宜饲粮中蛋白质含量为30%,脂肪含量为6%,蛋白能比为18.21 g/MJ。
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