Everything Old Is New Again: Enforcing Tribal Treaty Provisions to Protect Climate Change-Threatened Resources

Kronk Warner, E. Ann
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

In an age when vulnerable tribes and Native communities around the country are threatened by the impacts of climate change, advocates seek new and innovative legal tools to provide protection for endangered resources. To date, legal tools such as litigation and adaptation plans have been used with varying levels of success. For the first time, this article considers whether tribal treaties with the United States may prove helpful in protecting threatened resources. Treaties historically played an important role for many tribes, as they have a profound cultural connection and are a powerful expression of tribal sovereignty. Also, when courts find treaties applicable, tribes have generally been successful in protecting the resources at issue. In considering whether such historical documents may be applied in the climate change context, this article begins by looking at the treaty language of specific tribes, which have expressed interest in shielding treaty-protected resources, and also methodologies of interpreting treaties. The article then goes on to consider how such treaty language might be used in a legal claim against the United States, speculating as to uses under both domestic and international law. Ultimately, the article concludes that it may be possible to use treaty language to protect resources threatened by climate change under certain circumstances.
一切旧的都是新的:执行部落条约条款保护受气候变化威胁的资源
在这个脆弱的部落和全国各地的土著社区受到气候变化影响威胁的时代,倡导者寻求新的和创新的法律工具来保护濒危资源。迄今为止,诉讼和适应计划等法律工具的使用取得了不同程度的成功。本文首次探讨了与美国签订的部落条约是否有助于保护受到威胁的资源。条约在历史上对许多部落发挥了重要作用,因为它们具有深厚的文化联系,是部落主权的有力体现。此外,当法院发现条约适用时,部落通常会成功地保护争议资源。在考虑这些历史文件是否可以应用于气候变化的背景下,本文首先着眼于特定部落的条约语言,这些部落表示有兴趣保护条约保护的资源,以及解释条约的方法。然后,文章继续考虑如何在针对美国的法律索赔中使用这些条约语言,并推测根据国内法和国际法使用这些语言。最后,文章得出结论,在某些情况下,使用条约语言来保护受气候变化威胁的资源是可能的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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