A Piece of Land or Peace on the Land: How Much Is a Peasant's Life Worth in Brazil?

Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Human Security Pub Date : 2016-04-18 DOI:10.12924/JOHS2016.12010037

Artur Zimerman

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Land inequality in Brazil is alarming and several poor individuals living in rural areas do not have enough income to survive decently. The struggle to access land should lead to a paradigm shift with social movements leading this process since democratization. Their strategies vary, but usually focus on complementary activities of mass mobilization that culminate in the occupation of unproductive land that is not fulfilling its social function in order to force expropriation and the creation of new settlements. This study aims to investigate, through empirical evidence, if such strategies are having the desired effect of allowing the poor to access land, without increasing the already high numbers, and potentially aggravating the violent characteristics, of such disputes. During the Cardoso and Lula presidential administrations the relation between the number of new settlements and the number of deaths caused by land disputes increased. However, there is still a long way to go to improve this policy and achieve positive results. Overall, is this struggle for the reduction of inequality in the Brazilian countryside being won? Is the sacrifice paying off? And what is the price regarding the relation between land conflict victims and the creation of new rural settlements?

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一块土地还是土地上的和平:巴西农民的生命值多少钱?

巴西的土地不平等令人担忧，一些生活在农村地区的穷人没有足够的收入来体面地生存。争取土地的斗争应该导致一种范式的转变，自民主化以来社会运动将领导这一进程。他们的战略各不相同，但通常集中于群众动员的补充活动，最终占领没有履行其社会功能的非生产性土地，以便强行征用和建立新的定居点。这项研究的目的是通过经验证据来调查这些战略是否具有允许穷人获得土地的预期效果，而不会增加已经很高的数量，并可能加剧这种争端的暴力特征。在卡多佐和卢拉总统执政期间，新定居点的数量与土地纠纷造成的死亡人数之间的关系有所增加。然而，要完善这一政策并取得积极成效，还有很长的路要走。总的来说，这场为减少巴西农村不平等而进行的斗争是否取得了胜利?牺牲有回报吗?土地冲突的受害者和新农村定居点的建立之间的关系的代价是什么?

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Human Security Social Sciences-Law

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： The goal of Journal of Human Security is to disseminate applied research into a secure and sustainable future for humanity. It continues the Australasian Journal of Human Security. Journal of Human Security endeavours to: - Provide a forum for researchers to foster interdisciplinary inquiry in broad human security issues such as track two diplomacy, ethnic conflict, terrorism, religious extremism, human rights, demographic change, population health, human ecology, sustainable economics and related areas. - Inform readers about upcoming events, ongoing and new research projects, trends and discussions, newly published monographs, and available scholarships. - Encourage a multidisciplinary approach to issues that have traditionally been viewed as mostly unidisciplinary. - Maintain an appeal to a wide readership with both high academic standards and close relevance to practice. - Meet international standards of excellence.