Assessment of physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of Dendrocalamus asper bamboo after application of wetting and drying cycles

Leo Maia do Amaral , Conrado de Souza Rodrigues , Flávia Spitale Jacques Poggiali
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Abstract

Given the hygroscopic nature of bamboo and its reduction in strength with increasing moisture content, we evaluated the effects of hornification – generated through the application of drying and rewetting cycles – on the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the culms of Dendrocalamus asper. Our objective was to assess if the treatment would cause a reduction in water uptake, an increase in the dimensional stability of bamboo, and a stiffening of the material, increasing its mechanical strength. Specimens were submitted to a maximum of 15 cycles, being immersed at room temperature (22 ± 3 °C) and dried at 50 ± 5 °C. Absorption capacity, dimensional stability, density as measured with a helium pycnometer, tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were undertaken. Hornification increased the dimensional stability of bamboo proportionally to the number of cycles applied, and a 5.8 % increase in cross section was seen after 264 h for 15 cycles. The control samples increased by 17.8 %. Reduction in the water absorption was not verified for treated bamboo. The elastic modulus was maintained and the tensile strength after treatment was reduced (258.6 MPa for control and 207.5 MPa after 15 cycles). Chemical analysis and microscopy did not show any significant changes in the composition of the bamboo after the application of wetting and drying cycles.

应用润湿和干燥循环后对松竹物理、机械和化学性能的评估
考虑到竹子的吸湿性及其强度随含水量的增加而降低,我们评估了通过干燥和再湿润循环产生的角质化对松竹秆的物理、机械和化学性能的影响。我们的目的是评估处理是否会导致吸水率降低、竹子尺寸稳定性增加以及材料变硬,从而提高其机械强度。样品最多进行15次循环,在室温(22±3°C)下浸泡,在50±5°C下干燥。进行了吸收容量、尺寸稳定性、用氦比重瓶测量的密度、拉伸试验、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)。木质化使竹子的尺寸稳定性与所施加的循环次数成比例地增加,并且在264小时后观察到横截面增加5.8%,持续15个循环。对照样品的吸水率增加了17.8%。处理后的竹子的吸水率没有降低。保持了弹性模量,并且处理后的拉伸强度降低(对照为258.6MPa,15次循环后为207.5MPa)。化学分析和显微镜检查显示,在应用润湿和干燥循环后,竹子的成分没有任何显著变化。
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