Global asymptotic stability of a delayed plant disease model

Abstract

In this paper, we consider the following system of delayed differentialequations,\[\left\{\begin {array}{rcl}\frac {dS(t)}{dt} & = & \sigma \phi-\beta S(t)I(t-\tau)-\eta S(t),\\\frac {dI(t)}{dt} & = & \sigma(1-\phi)+\betaS(t)I(t-\tau)-(\eta+\omega)I(t),\end {array}\right.\]which can be used to model plant diseases. Here $\phi\in (0,1]$,$\tau\ge 0$, and all other parameters are positive. The case where $\phi=1$ is well studiedand there is a threshold dynamics. Thesystem always has a disease-free equilibrium, which is globallyasymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number $R_0\triangleq\frac{\beta\sigma}{\eta(\eta+\omega)}\le 1$ and is unstable if$R_0>1$; when $R_0>1$, the system also has a unique endemic equilibrium,which is globally asymptotically stable. In this paper, we study thecase where $\phi\in (0,1)$. It turns out that the system only has anendemic equilibrium, which is globally asymptotically stable. Thelocal stability is established by the linearizationmethod while the global attractivity is obtained by the Lyapunovfunctional approach. The theoretical results are illustrated withnumerical simulations.