Mini Review of Prostate Cancer Diagnostics

B. Partsvania, T. Sulaberidze, Alexandre Kuskivadze, SophiaAbazadze
{"title":"Mini Review of Prostate Cancer Diagnostics","authors":"B. Partsvania, T. Sulaberidze, Alexandre Kuskivadze, SophiaAbazadze","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.03.000573","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"According to the World Health Organization (WHO) prostate cancer is the second cause of cancer death in men worldwide [1,2]. Some advanced prostate cancers have well known symptoms. However non-cancerous diseases of the prostate, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) cause same symptoms. On the other hand, at very early stages, prostate cancer has no symptoms, the tumor dimension is quite small, and it is extremely difficult to detect it. If prostate cancer is detected at an early stage, it can be successfully cured by different methods. At the later stages, treatment or surgery has very low efficiency. Prostate cancer can often be found by measuring the amount of PSA in the blood. Most healthy men have levels under 4 nano-grams per milliliter (ng/mL) of blood. When prostate cancer develops, the PSA level usually goes above 4. However, for determination of the existence of cancer, some additional methods are used: for example: PSA velocity [3,4] and/or PSA density. Besides, measurement of the ratio of free to total PSA is additional tool in prostate cancer diagnosis [5]. However, the major drawback of PSA determination is its relative lack of specificity. The PSA level can also be increased by benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate, prostatitis, etc.","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Novel approaches in cancer study","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.03.000573","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) prostate cancer is the second cause of cancer death in men worldwide [1,2]. Some advanced prostate cancers have well known symptoms. However non-cancerous diseases of the prostate, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) cause same symptoms. On the other hand, at very early stages, prostate cancer has no symptoms, the tumor dimension is quite small, and it is extremely difficult to detect it. If prostate cancer is detected at an early stage, it can be successfully cured by different methods. At the later stages, treatment or surgery has very low efficiency. Prostate cancer can often be found by measuring the amount of PSA in the blood. Most healthy men have levels under 4 nano-grams per milliliter (ng/mL) of blood. When prostate cancer develops, the PSA level usually goes above 4. However, for determination of the existence of cancer, some additional methods are used: for example: PSA velocity [3,4] and/or PSA density. Besides, measurement of the ratio of free to total PSA is additional tool in prostate cancer diagnosis [5]. However, the major drawback of PSA determination is its relative lack of specificity. The PSA level can also be increased by benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate, prostatitis, etc.
前列腺癌症诊断学综述
根据世界卫生组织(世界卫生组织)的数据,癌症是全球男性癌症死亡的第二大原因[1,2]。一些晚期前列腺癌有众所周知的症状。然而,前列腺的非癌性疾病,如良性前列腺增生(BPH)会引起同样的症状。另一方面,在很早的阶段,前列腺癌症没有任何症状,肿瘤尺寸很小,而且极难发现。如果早期发现癌症前列腺,可以通过不同的方法成功治愈。在后期阶段,治疗或手术的效率非常低。前列腺癌症通常可以通过测量血液中PSA的量来发现。大多数健康男性的血液水平低于每毫升4纳克(ng/mL)。当癌症发展时,PSA水平通常会超过4。然而,为了确定癌症的存在,使用了一些额外的方法:例如:PSA速度[3,4]和/或PSA密度。此外,测量游离PSA与总PSA的比率是诊断前列腺癌症的额外工具[5]。然而,PSA测定的主要缺点是其相对缺乏特异性。前列腺增生(BPH)、前列腺非癌性增大、前列腺炎等也会增加PSA水平。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信