广西PM 2.5 时空分布特征及污染天气类型

Q2 Environmental Science

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2018-03-25 DOI:10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.85

潘润西, 陈蓓, 莫雨淳, 付洁, 和凌红, 周文强, 陆晓艳

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

研究区域ρ（PM2.5）的时空分布特征和污染天气类型的关系是开展大气污染防治和空气质量预报预警的关键支撑技术之一.基于2015—2016年广西14个城市环境空气质量日监测数据和相关气象资料，分析了2015—2016年广西空气质量概况和污染的基本特征，采用EOF（经验正交函数）分析和后向轨迹聚类分析方法表征了广西ρ（PM2.5）时空分布模态，统计了广西两年间24次区域范围（3个及以上连片城市）大气轻度及以上污染过程，分析了不同污染过程的天气类型和空气质量变化特点.结果表明：PM2.5是广西大气污染首要污染物，ρ（PM2.5）年均值呈北高南低的区域特征，月际变化基本呈正V字型分布；EOF分析和后向轨迹聚类分析显示，广西ρ（PM2.5）的时空结构主要有3种模态，其方差贡献率分别为78.9%、5.7%和3.7%，基本反映了广西ρ（PM2.5）变化的时空模态的主要特征，桂林和玉林两年间的后向轨迹聚类很好地解释了第二和第三模态的南北浓度和东西浓度异常反相位分布特征；广西14个城市两年间PM2.5区域性污染天气类型主要有10种，其中污染天气类型中占比较大的是弱冷高压脊型（24.4%）、均压场型（20.2%）、高压后部型（16.1%）和高压后部配合西南暖低压型（8.5%），是引发广西大范围大气污染的典型天气类型.研究显示，广西大气污染具有地域性、季节性和南北输送特征，污染过程的天气形势变化具有一定规律性.

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The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and pollution weather types of PM 2.5 in Guangxi

Research Area ρ The relationship between the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of (PM2.5) and the types of polluted weather is one of the key supporting technologies for air pollution prevention and control, as well as air quality prediction and early warning. Based on the daily monitoring data and related meteorological data of environmental air quality in 14 cities in Guangxi from 2015 to 2016, the air quality overview and basic characteristics of pollution in Guangxi from 2015 to 2016 were analyzed. EOF (empirical orthogonal function) analysis and backward trajectory clustering analysis were used to characterize Guangxi ρ (PM2.5) spatiotemporal distribution mode was used to analyze 24 regional atmospheric mild and above pollution processes (3 or more contiguous cities) in Guangxi over the past two years. The weather types and air quality variation characteristics of different pollution processes were analyzed. The results showed that PM2.5 was the primary pollutant in atmospheric pollution in Guangxi, ρ The average annual value of (PM2.5) shows a regional characteristic of high in the north and low in the south, and the monthly variation basically shows a positive V-shaped distribution; EOF analysis and backward trajectory clustering analysis show that Guangxi ρ The spatiotemporal structure of (PM2.5) mainly has three modes, with variance contribution rates of 78.9%, 5.7%, and 3.7%, respectively, which basically reflects Guangxi ρ The main characteristics of the spatiotemporal mode of (PM2.5) change, and the backward trajectory clustering between Guilin and Yulin in two years well explained the anti phase distribution characteristics of the north-south concentration and east-west concentration anomalies of the second and third modes; There are 10 main types of PM2.5 regional pollution weather in 14 cities in Guangxi over the past two years. Among them, the main types of pollution weather are weak cold high pressure ridge type (24.4%), uniform pressure field type (20.2%), high pressure rear type (16.1%), and high pressure rear combined with southwest warm low pressure type (8.5%), which are typical weather types that cause large-scale air pollution in Guangxi. Research shows that air pollution in Guangxi has regional, seasonal, and north-south transport characteristics, The weather situation changes during the pollution process have certain regularity

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