Abuso sexual infantil y adolescente y su relación con trastornos alimentarios

Q4 Medicine

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.4067/s0717-92272021000400308

Rosa Behar, F. D. L. Barra

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: A history of childhood sexual abuse (SA) or adolescence in eating disorders (ED) is documented in clinical experience and in the literature. However, the complex relationships between both conditions have not been systematized. Objective: To describe the clinical and neurobiological relationship between SA and ED. Method: The specialized literature in texts and articles included in Medline/PubMed, SciELO was thoroughly analysed. Central concepts were outlined and information was written seeking didactic cohesion, including an illustrative clinical case. Results: Although SA is a nonspecific factor for the development of mental disorders, it constitutes a significant predisposing, triggering and perpetuating phenomenon for the emergence of ED, mainly bulimia nervosa. Risk, mediator, predictor, protective and resilience factors are described. Both specific conditions show analogous neurobiological and clinical correlates (core symptoms and adaptive functions). Similar dysfunctions exist in reward and emotional regulation circuits, with limited structural disturbances in prefrontal areas. Conclusions: There is strong evidence of the coexistence of SA in ED. However, it is necessary to develop research models that truly integrate genetic, hormonal, neurotransmitter, personality and sociocultural risk processes. integren realmente los procesos genéticos, hormonales, neurotransmisores, de personalidad y socioculturales de riesgo. Palabras clave: Abuso Infantil, Adolescente, Sexual, Trastornos de la Alimentación y de la Ingesta Alimentaria

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儿童和青少年性虐待及其与饮食失调的关系

背景：临床经验和文献中记录了儿童期性虐待（SA）或青春期饮食失调（ED）的病史。然而，这两种情况之间的复杂关系尚未系统化。目的：描述SA和ED之间的临床和神经生物学关系。方法：对Medline/PubMed，SciELO中的专门文献和文章进行全面分析。概述了中心概念，并编写了寻求教学凝聚力的信息，包括一个说明性的临床案例。结果：尽管SA是精神障碍发展的非特异性因素，但它构成了ED（主要是神经性贪食症）出现的重要诱因、触发和持续现象。介绍了风险、中介因素、预测因素、保护因素和恢复力因素。这两种特殊情况都显示出类似的神经生物学和临床相关性（核心症状和适应功能）。类似的功能障碍也存在于奖赏和情绪调节回路中，前额叶区域的结构紊乱有限。结论：有强有力的证据表明SA在ED中共存。然而，有必要开发真正整合遗传、激素、神经递质、个性和社会文化风险过程的研究模型。基因、激素、神经传递、个性和社会文化过程的整合。Palabras clave：Abuso Infantil，青少年，性，Trastornos de la Alimentación and de la Ingesta Alimentaria

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来源期刊

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Medicine-Surgery

CiteScore

0.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： La Revista Chilena de Neuro-psychiatry was established in 1947 and belongs to the Society of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, Chile (SONEPSYN), of which his body of scientific expression. The financial management of the magazine conducted the directory SONEPSYN. The editorial management is delegated to an editor and editorial committee, who have full freedom and independence in this area. Is a quarterly publication. The journal publishes original articles and unpublished covering basic and clinical aspects of the three specialties with ethics, medical education, physician-patient relationship, care management, public health, epidemiology, sociology and medical profession.