Clinical and pathogenesis overview of Enterobacter infections

K. S. Rizi, K. Ghazvini, Hadi Farsiani
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引用次数: 13

Abstract

Enterobacter spp. is a gram-negative environmental bacterium, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is found in water, sewage, soil, and plants. These bacteria are common among humans and animals, and the most frequently isolated species is Enterobacter cloacae. The species of this genus are often opportunistic pathogens with expanding significance in nosocomial infections, particularly in neonates, immunocompromised patients in intensive care units, emergency sections, skin and soft tissue infection wards, and urology wards. With the unexpected and rapid increase in antibiotic resistance in various bacterial species, there has been a new alarm for the health of the human community. Enterobacter species cause pneumonitis, bacteremia, post-neurosurgical meningitis, neonatal meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. Some of the main risk factors for the occurrence and dissemination of Enterobacter spp. infections are poor hand hygiene, crowding, low birth weight, premature birth, intubation of patients, prolonged hospital stay, contaminated infant formula, intravenous feeding, use of extended-spectrum antibiotics and use of intravenous catheters.
肠杆菌感染的临床和发病机制综述
肠杆菌属是一种革兰氏阴性环境细菌,属于肠杆菌科,存在于水、污水、土壤和植物中。这些细菌在人类和动物中很常见,最常被分离的物种是阴沟肠杆菌。该属的种类通常是机会性病原体,在医院感染中具有越来越重要的意义,特别是在新生儿、重症监护病房、急诊科、皮肤和软组织感染病房和泌尿科病房的免疫功能低下患者中。随着各种细菌对抗生素的耐药性出乎意料地迅速增加,给人类社会的健康敲响了新的警钟。肠杆菌种类引起肺炎、菌血症、神经外科术后脑膜炎、新生儿脑膜炎、皮肤和软组织感染以及尿路感染。肠杆菌感染发生和传播的一些主要危险因素是手卫生不良、拥挤、低出生体重、早产、患者插管、住院时间延长、受污染的婴儿配方奶粉、静脉喂养、使用广谱抗生素和使用静脉留置导管。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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